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Improving performance estimation of a PCM-integrated solar chimney through reduced-order based data assimilation.

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Title: Improving performance estimation of a PCM-integrated solar chimney through reduced-order based data assimilation.
Authors: Rivera, Diego R.1 (AUTHOR) diego.rivera.a@usach.cl, Castillo, E.1 (AUTHOR) ernesto.castillode@usach.cl, Pacheco, Douglas2 (AUTHOR) pacheco@ssd.rwth-aachen.de, Galarce, Felipe3 (AUTHOR) felipe.galarce@pucv.cl
Source: International Journal of Numerical Methods for Heat & Fluid Flow. 2026, Vol. 36 Issue 7, p2745-2765. 21p.
Subjects: Data assimilation, Reduced-order models, Phase change materials, Solar chimneys, Estimation theory, Heat transfer
Abstract: Purpose: This study aims to assess a data assimilation framework based on reduced-order modeling (ROM–DA) to reconstruct the dynamic temperature fields of an inclined phase change material (PCM)-integrated solar chimney configuration. By complementing this framework with a data-filling strategy, our goal is to improve the performance estimation accuracy from scarce measurements. Design/methodology/approach: A variational DA framework based on a regularized least-squares formulation is used to estimate dynamic temperatures in both the airflow and PCM domains of the solar chimney configuration. The method combines: (i) a reduced-order model derived from high-fidelity finite-volume simulations of unsteady conjugate heat transfer with liquid–solid phase change and surface radiation and (ii) three measurement data sets of 22, 135 and 203 spatial points. The data sets are expanded using a hybrid data-filling strategy (boundary-layer and bi-cubic interpolations). The reconstructed temperature fields are subsequently assimilated into the thermally coupled forward solver to enhance the airflow velocity prediction. Findings: The ROM–DA framework accurately reconstructed dynamic temperature fields in both the air and PCM domains using synthetic measurements with relative errors below 10% and 3% for the initial and expanded sensor sets, respectively. When applied to real measurements, the framework improved the fidelity of the local temperature evolution in both domains. Increasing the number of sensors did not significantly improve local temperature accuracy, but it enhanced the dynamic estimation of the local outlet velocity by reducing the root-mean-square error by 20%. Originality/value: This is the first application of a ROM–DA framework to a coupled multiphysics solar chimney with PCM integration. The study also assesses hybrid data enhancement strategies that improve measurement quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of International Journal of Numerical Methods for Heat & Fluid Flow is the property of Emerald Publishing Limited and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Engineering Source
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Header DbId: egs
DbLabel: Engineering Source
An: 194733988
AccessLevel: 6
PubType: Academic Journal
PubTypeId: academicJournal
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Items – Name: Title
  Label: Title
  Group: Ti
  Data: Improving performance estimation of a PCM-integrated solar chimney through reduced-order based data assimilation.
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  Label: Authors
  Group: Au
  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Rivera%2C+Diego+R%2E%22">Rivera, Diego R.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> diego.rivera.a@usach.cl</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Castillo%2C+E%2E%22">Castillo, E.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> ernesto.castillode@usach.cl</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Pacheco%2C+Douglas%22">Pacheco, Douglas</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> pacheco@ssd.rwth-aachen.de</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Galarce%2C+Felipe%22">Galarce, Felipe</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> felipe.galarce@pucv.cl</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22International+Journal+of+Numerical+Methods+for+Heat+%26+Fluid+Flow%22">International Journal of Numerical Methods for Heat & Fluid Flow</searchLink>. 2026, Vol. 36 Issue 7, p2745-2765. 21p.
– Name: Subject
  Label: Subjects
  Group: Su
  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Data+assimilation%22">Data assimilation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Reduced-order+models%22">Reduced-order models</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Phase+change+materials%22">Phase change materials</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Solar+chimneys%22">Solar chimneys</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Estimation+theory%22">Estimation theory</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Heat+transfer%22">Heat transfer</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Purpose: This study aims to assess a data assimilation framework based on reduced-order modeling (ROM–DA) to reconstruct the dynamic temperature fields of an inclined phase change material (PCM)-integrated solar chimney configuration. By complementing this framework with a data-filling strategy, our goal is to improve the performance estimation accuracy from scarce measurements. Design/methodology/approach: A variational DA framework based on a regularized least-squares formulation is used to estimate dynamic temperatures in both the airflow and PCM domains of the solar chimney configuration. The method combines: (i) a reduced-order model derived from high-fidelity finite-volume simulations of unsteady conjugate heat transfer with liquid–solid phase change and surface radiation and (ii) three measurement data sets of 22, 135 and 203 spatial points. The data sets are expanded using a hybrid data-filling strategy (boundary-layer and bi-cubic interpolations). The reconstructed temperature fields are subsequently assimilated into the thermally coupled forward solver to enhance the airflow velocity prediction. Findings: The ROM–DA framework accurately reconstructed dynamic temperature fields in both the air and PCM domains using synthetic measurements with relative errors below 10% and 3% for the initial and expanded sensor sets, respectively. When applied to real measurements, the framework improved the fidelity of the local temperature evolution in both domains. Increasing the number of sensors did not significantly improve local temperature accuracy, but it enhanced the dynamic estimation of the local outlet velocity by reducing the root-mean-square error by 20%. Originality/value: This is the first application of a ROM–DA framework to a coupled multiphysics solar chimney with PCM integration. The study also assesses hybrid data enhancement strategies that improve measurement quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of International Journal of Numerical Methods for Heat & Fluid Flow is the property of Emerald Publishing Limited and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
  BibEntity:
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 21
        StartPage: 2745
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Data assimilation
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Reduced-order models
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Phase change materials
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Solar chimneys
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Estimation theory
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Heat transfer
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Improving performance estimation of a PCM-integrated solar chimney through reduced-order based data assimilation.
        Type: main
  BibRelationships:
    HasContributorRelationships:
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Rivera, Diego R.
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Castillo, E.
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Pacheco, Douglas
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Galarce, Felipe
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      – BibEntity:
          Dates:
            – D: 01
              M: 07
              Text: 2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
          Identifiers:
            – Type: issn-print
              Value: 09615539
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            – Type: volume
              Value: 36
            – Type: issue
              Value: 7
          Titles:
            – TitleFull: International Journal of Numerical Methods for Heat & Fluid Flow
              Type: main
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