Operonic architecture of bacterial metal response: envelope constraints, evolutionary mobility, and bioremediation design rules.
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| Title: | Operonic architecture of bacterial metal response: envelope constraints, evolutionary mobility, and bioremediation design rules. |
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| Authors: | Pal, Ayon1 (AUTHOR) ayonpal.ruc@gmail.com, Chaki, Madhumita G.1 (AUTHOR) |
| Source: | World Journal of Microbiology & Biotechnology. Jun2026, Vol. 42 Issue 6, p1-34. 34p. |
| Subjects: | Bacterial operons, Cell envelope (Biology), Genetic regulation, Bioremediation, Mobile genetic elements |
| Abstract: | Bacteria encounter metals as both essential micronutrients and persistent toxins. These conflicting requirements are managed by genetic components, often organized as operons or coordinated regulons, which link sensing to trafficking, buffering, export, detoxification, biotransformation, and, in certain instances, storage. This review develops a gene-organization-focused perspective on bacterial metal responses, emphasizing metallostasis, resistance, envelope topology, evolutionary mobility, and bioremediation relevance, highlighting two key principles. Firstly, metallostasis maintains homeostatic set-points for essential metals by regulating uptake, allocation, and overflow. Secondly, the cell envelope's topology serves as a primary constraint. In contrast, resistance mechanisms for toxic metals and metalloids strive to achieve near-zero intracellular concentrations by facilitating rapid clearance. Gram-negative bacteria often employ compartmental "handoff" strategies that connect cytosolic relief to high-capacity envelope clearance. Conversely, Gram-positive envelopes tend to favor responses that involve inner-membrane export, along with cytosolic or cell wall buffering. This review structures the components into a modular toolkit, encompassing sensors and regulators, uptake control, exporters and clearance pumps, periplasmic partners, detoxification enzymes, and the dichotomy between sequestration and storage. It further seeks to link recurring architectures to evolutionary mobility and co-selection with antibiotic resistance. Ultimately, these insights are applied to bioremediation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Copyright of World Journal of Microbiology & Biotechnology is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) | |
| Database: | Engineering Source |
| FullText | Text: Availability: 0 |
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| Header | DbId: egs DbLabel: Engineering Source An: 194750160 AccessLevel: 6 PubType: Academic Journal PubTypeId: academicJournal PreciseRelevancyScore: 0 |
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| Items | – Name: Title Label: Title Group: Ti Data: Operonic architecture of bacterial metal response: envelope constraints, evolutionary mobility, and bioremediation design rules. – Name: Author Label: Authors Group: Au Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Pal%2C+Ayon%22">Pal, Ayon</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> ayonpal.ruc@gmail.com</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Chaki%2C+Madhumita+G%2E%22">Chaki, Madhumita G.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR) – Name: TitleSource Label: Source Group: Src Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22World+Journal+of+Microbiology+%26+Biotechnology%22">World Journal of Microbiology & Biotechnology</searchLink>. Jun2026, Vol. 42 Issue 6, p1-34. 34p. – Name: Subject Label: Subjects Group: Su Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Bacterial+operons%22">Bacterial operons</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cell+envelope+%28Biology%29%22">Cell envelope (Biology)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Genetic+regulation%22">Genetic regulation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Bioremediation%22">Bioremediation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mobile+genetic+elements%22">Mobile genetic elements</searchLink> – Name: Abstract Label: Abstract Group: Ab Data: Bacteria encounter metals as both essential micronutrients and persistent toxins. These conflicting requirements are managed by genetic components, often organized as operons or coordinated regulons, which link sensing to trafficking, buffering, export, detoxification, biotransformation, and, in certain instances, storage. This review develops a gene-organization-focused perspective on bacterial metal responses, emphasizing metallostasis, resistance, envelope topology, evolutionary mobility, and bioremediation relevance, highlighting two key principles. Firstly, metallostasis maintains homeostatic set-points for essential metals by regulating uptake, allocation, and overflow. Secondly, the cell envelope's topology serves as a primary constraint. In contrast, resistance mechanisms for toxic metals and metalloids strive to achieve near-zero intracellular concentrations by facilitating rapid clearance. Gram-negative bacteria often employ compartmental "handoff" strategies that connect cytosolic relief to high-capacity envelope clearance. Conversely, Gram-positive envelopes tend to favor responses that involve inner-membrane export, along with cytosolic or cell wall buffering. This review structures the components into a modular toolkit, encompassing sensors and regulators, uptake control, exporters and clearance pumps, periplasmic partners, detoxification enzymes, and the dichotomy between sequestration and storage. It further seeks to link recurring architectures to evolutionary mobility and co-selection with antibiotic resistance. Ultimately, these insights are applied to bioremediation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] – Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright Label: Group: Ab Data: <i>Copyright of World Journal of Microbiology & Biotechnology is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) |
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| RecordInfo | BibRecord: BibEntity: Identifiers: – Type: doi Value: 10.1007/s11274-026-05063-0 Languages: – Code: eng Text: English PhysicalDescription: Pagination: PageCount: 34 StartPage: 1 Subjects: – SubjectFull: Bacterial operons Type: general – SubjectFull: Cell envelope (Biology) Type: general – SubjectFull: Genetic regulation Type: general – SubjectFull: Bioremediation Type: general – SubjectFull: Mobile genetic elements Type: general Titles: – TitleFull: Operonic architecture of bacterial metal response: envelope constraints, evolutionary mobility, and bioremediation design rules. Type: main BibRelationships: HasContributorRelationships: – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Pal, Ayon – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Chaki, Madhumita G. IsPartOfRelationships: – BibEntity: Dates: – D: 01 M: 06 Text: Jun2026 Type: published Y: 2026 Identifiers: – Type: issn-print Value: 09593993 Numbering: – Type: volume Value: 42 – Type: issue Value: 6 Titles: – TitleFull: World Journal of Microbiology & Biotechnology Type: main |
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