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An Investigation Into Subway Random Dynamic Loads Induced by the Frequency‐Dependent Dynamic Properties of Rail Pads.

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Title: An Investigation Into Subway Random Dynamic Loads Induced by the Frequency‐Dependent Dynamic Properties of Rail Pads.
Authors: Dou, Yinling1 (AUTHOR), Chen, Shuang1 (AUTHOR), Wang, Yuanyuan1 (AUTHOR), Wen, Jie1 (AUTHOR), Xiao, Dong1 (AUTHOR), Wang, Shaohua2 (AUTHOR) swan932@aucklanduni.ac.nz, Qi, Wei1 (AUTHOR), Biswas, Arnab (AUTHOR) arnbiswas@wiley.com
Source: Shock & Vibration. 6/23/2026, Vol. 2026, p1-12. 12p.
Subjects: Dynamic loads, Spectral element method, Railroad track vibration, Railroad trains
Abstract: To efficiently and precisely quantify how the frequency‐dependent dynamic characteristics of rail pads affect the fundamental excitation sources of subway ground vibration and wheel‐rail rolling noise, a vertical vehicle‐rail‐fastener coupled dynamic model is constructed via the hybrid spectral element method (SEM) and symplectic method (SM). This model fully utilizes the periodic structural features of rail‐fastener components and the propagation law of high‐frequency elastic waves in rail members. The proposed method is employed to evaluate how the frequency‐dependent characteristics of DT III rail pads—widely used in Chinese subway systems—affect the random dynamic loads, based on experimental measurements. Four main findings are obtained: (1) Under 20°C, the storage stiffness of DT III rail pad presents an approximately logarithmic linear correlation with frequency in the range of 0.1–10,000 Hz. Conversely, its loss factor climbs to a peak value and then declines slowly as frequency increases further. (2) The frequency‐dependent properties of rail pads can notably intensify random dynamic loads in two critical frequency ranges: 32–80 Hz (the dominant band for subway environmental vibration) and 500–1250 Hz (the dominant band for wheel‐rail rolling noise). Accordingly, it is indispensable to incorporate the frequency‐dependent dynamic characteristics of rail pads into the prediction of subway environmental vibrations and wheel‐rail noise. (3) Numerically, the effect of rail pads' frequency‐dependent behaviors on subway random dynamic loads is comparable to increasing the train speed to 90 km/h. Furthermore, the effect of short‐wave track irregularities on subway environmental vibrations is less pronounced than that of rail pads' frequency‐dependent characteristics, except when the short‐wave irregularities reach an extremely severe level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Shock & Vibration is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: An Investigation Into Subway Random Dynamic Loads Induced by the Frequency‐Dependent Dynamic Properties of Rail Pads.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Dou%2C+Yinling%22">Dou, Yinling</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Chen%2C+Shuang%22">Chen, Shuang</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wang%2C+Yuanyuan%22">Wang, Yuanyuan</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wen%2C+Jie%22">Wen, Jie</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Xiao%2C+Dong%22">Xiao, Dong</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wang%2C+Shaohua%22">Wang, Shaohua</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> swan932@aucklanduni.ac.nz</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Qi%2C+Wei%22">Qi, Wei</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Biswas%2C+Arnab%22">Biswas, Arnab</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<i> arnbiswas@wiley.com</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Shock+%26+Vibration%22">Shock & Vibration</searchLink>. 6/23/2026, Vol. 2026, p1-12. 12p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Dynamic+loads%22">Dynamic loads</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Spectral+element+method%22">Spectral element method</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Railroad+track+vibration%22">Railroad track vibration</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Railroad+trains%22">Railroad trains</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: To efficiently and precisely quantify how the frequency‐dependent dynamic characteristics of rail pads affect the fundamental excitation sources of subway ground vibration and wheel‐rail rolling noise, a vertical vehicle‐rail‐fastener coupled dynamic model is constructed via the hybrid spectral element method (SEM) and symplectic method (SM). This model fully utilizes the periodic structural features of rail‐fastener components and the propagation law of high‐frequency elastic waves in rail members. The proposed method is employed to evaluate how the frequency‐dependent characteristics of DT III rail pads—widely used in Chinese subway systems—affect the random dynamic loads, based on experimental measurements. Four main findings are obtained: (1) Under 20°C, the storage stiffness of DT III rail pad presents an approximately logarithmic linear correlation with frequency in the range of 0.1–10,000 Hz. Conversely, its loss factor climbs to a peak value and then declines slowly as frequency increases further. (2) The frequency‐dependent properties of rail pads can notably intensify random dynamic loads in two critical frequency ranges: 32–80 Hz (the dominant band for subway environmental vibration) and 500–1250 Hz (the dominant band for wheel‐rail rolling noise). Accordingly, it is indispensable to incorporate the frequency‐dependent dynamic characteristics of rail pads into the prediction of subway environmental vibrations and wheel‐rail noise. (3) Numerically, the effect of rail pads' frequency‐dependent behaviors on subway random dynamic loads is comparable to increasing the train speed to 90 km/h. Furthermore, the effect of short‐wave track irregularities on subway environmental vibrations is less pronounced than that of rail pads' frequency‐dependent characteristics, except when the short‐wave irregularities reach an extremely severe level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Shock & Vibration is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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        Value: 10.1155/vib/7625135
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        Text: English
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        PageCount: 12
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      – SubjectFull: Dynamic loads
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Spectral element method
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Railroad track vibration
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Railroad trains
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      – TitleFull: An Investigation Into Subway Random Dynamic Loads Induced by the Frequency‐Dependent Dynamic Properties of Rail Pads.
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            NameFull: Dou, Yinling
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              Text: 6/23/2026
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              Y: 2026
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