Effect of Manufacturing Tolerance to the Thrust Characteristics of the Cylindrical Switched Reluctance Linear Synchronous Motor (SRLSM).

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Title: Effect of Manufacturing Tolerance to the Thrust Characteristics of the Cylindrical Switched Reluctance Linear Synchronous Motor (SRLSM).
Authors: Azhar, Fairul1,2 fairul.azhar@utem.edu.my, Wakiwaka, Hiroyuki3, Tashiro, Kunihisa3
Source: Progress in Electromagnetics Research C. 2026, Vol. 171, p233-244. 12p.
Subjects: Thrust, Switched reluctance motors, Finite element method, Model validation, Electromechanical devices, Fault tolerance (Engineering)
Abstract: Manufacturing tolerances introduce unavoidable dimensional deviations in electrical machine components. In the case of switched reluctance linear synchronous motors (SRLSMs), the manufacturing tolerance, ∆x, may significantly affect the thrust characteristics. Therefore, a systematic investigation of the impact of manufacturing tolerance, ∆x, on the thrust characteristics of a cylindrical SRLSM through finite element analysis and experimental validation is presented. Two mover shafts with different tolerance control strategies, denoted as S45C-01 and S45C-02, were fabricated. Based on the findings, accumulated tolerances of −562.3 µm and −20 µm for S45C-01 and S45C-02, respectively, were acquired using a vision measuring system. Then, a model that incorporated the accumulated manufacturing tolerance, ∆x, was created and simulated. Thrust characteristics were evaluated under both ideal and tolerance inclusive conditions and experimentally measured over a current range of 0.1–1.0 A. The results indicate that neglecting manufacturing tolerance leads to substantial discrepancies between the simulated and measured thrusts, particularly at low excitation currents, with thrust errors exceeding 200%. When the measured manufacturing tolerances were included in the simulation, the thrust error was significantly reduced to below 8.4% for S45C-01 and below 4% for S45C-02, demonstrating close agreement with the experimental results. The findings confirm that manufacturing tolerance is a critical factor in accurately predicting SRLSM thrust performance and that tolerance-inclusive modeling substantially improves the reliability of simulation-based performance evaluation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Progress in Electromagnetics Research C is the property of Electromagnetics Academy and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Effect of Manufacturing Tolerance to the Thrust Characteristics of the Cylindrical Switched Reluctance Linear Synchronous Motor (SRLSM).
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Azhar%2C+Fairul%22">Azhar, Fairul</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo><i> fairul.azhar@utem.edu.my</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wakiwaka%2C+Hiroyuki%22">Wakiwaka, Hiroyuki</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Tashiro%2C+Kunihisa%22">Tashiro, Kunihisa</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Progress+in+Electromagnetics+Research+C%22">Progress in Electromagnetics Research C</searchLink>. 2026, Vol. 171, p233-244. 12p.
– Name: Subject
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Thrust%22">Thrust</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Switched+reluctance+motors%22">Switched reluctance motors</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Finite+element+method%22">Finite element method</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Model+validation%22">Model validation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Electromechanical+devices%22">Electromechanical devices</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Fault+tolerance+%28Engineering%29%22">Fault tolerance (Engineering)</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Manufacturing tolerances introduce unavoidable dimensional deviations in electrical machine components. In the case of switched reluctance linear synchronous motors (SRLSMs), the manufacturing tolerance, ∆x, may significantly affect the thrust characteristics. Therefore, a systematic investigation of the impact of manufacturing tolerance, ∆x, on the thrust characteristics of a cylindrical SRLSM through finite element analysis and experimental validation is presented. Two mover shafts with different tolerance control strategies, denoted as S45C-01 and S45C-02, were fabricated. Based on the findings, accumulated tolerances of −562.3 µm and −20 µm for S45C-01 and S45C-02, respectively, were acquired using a vision measuring system. Then, a model that incorporated the accumulated manufacturing tolerance, ∆x, was created and simulated. Thrust characteristics were evaluated under both ideal and tolerance inclusive conditions and experimentally measured over a current range of 0.1–1.0 A. The results indicate that neglecting manufacturing tolerance leads to substantial discrepancies between the simulated and measured thrusts, particularly at low excitation currents, with thrust errors exceeding 200%. When the measured manufacturing tolerances were included in the simulation, the thrust error was significantly reduced to below 8.4% for S45C-01 and below 4% for S45C-02, demonstrating close agreement with the experimental results. The findings confirm that manufacturing tolerance is a critical factor in accurately predicting SRLSM thrust performance and that tolerance-inclusive modeling substantially improves the reliability of simulation-based performance evaluation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Progress in Electromagnetics Research C is the property of Electromagnetics Academy and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.2528/PIERC26032605
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 12
        StartPage: 233
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      – SubjectFull: Thrust
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Switched reluctance motors
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Finite element method
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Model validation
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Electromechanical devices
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Fault tolerance (Engineering)
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Effect of Manufacturing Tolerance to the Thrust Characteristics of the Cylindrical Switched Reluctance Linear Synchronous Motor (SRLSM).
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            NameFull: Azhar, Fairul
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            NameFull: Wakiwaka, Hiroyuki
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            NameFull: Tashiro, Kunihisa
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          Dates:
            – D: 01
              M: 09
              Text: 2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
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              Value: 171
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            – TitleFull: Progress in Electromagnetics Research C
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