Plant extract-enriched mineral beverages: effects of temperature and ultrasound processing on bioactive content.

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Title: Plant extract-enriched mineral beverages: effects of temperature and ultrasound processing on bioactive content.
Authors: TOPDAŞ, Elif Feyza1 efeyza.topdas@atauni.edu.tr, KARAKÜTÜK, İsa Arslan1, ŞENGÜL, Memnune1
Source: Turkish Journal of Agriculture & Forestry. 2026, Vol. 50 Issue 3, p301-324. 24p.
Subjects: Bioactive compounds, Antioxidants, Plant extracts, Phenols, Sensory evaluation, Sonication, Mineral waters, Temperature effect
Abstract: Functional beverages derived from herbal extracts have potential health benefits. There is a growing interest in these beverages because they are a sustainable and health-promoting alternative to conventional flavored drinks. This study aimed to produce phenolicrich mineralized herbal beverages using lyophilized purple basil, lavender, and thyme extracts at two different concentrations (2% and 4%). Changes in the physicochemical properties (pH, electrical conductivity, color, and viscosity), total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), total antioxidant capacity (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2'-Azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) radical scavenging assays), and individual phenolic compounds were determined for beverages stored at 4, 25, and 50 °C, as well as those treated with ultrasound. The mineral composition and sensory profile of the beverages were also determined. The type of extract, concentration, and treatments (ultrasound and storage temperatures) were statistically significantly different, particularly in the pH, electrical conductivity, viscosity, and color parameters of mineralized beverages. In 4% purple basil beverages, Na, Mg, K, and Fe values reached the highest levels. Ultrasound application reduced the DPPH and ABTS values in all beverage groups, while increasing the TPC and TFC values. On the other hand, storage at 50 °C significantly reduced the antioxidant capacity of the beverages. Ultrasonic treatment had positive effects on antioxidant capacity; in contrast, increasing storage temperature had proportional adverse effect on these components, as evidenced by changes in 4-OH-benzoic acid, ferulic acid, fumaric acid, hesperidin, p-coumaric acid, quinic acid, rosmarinic acid, syringic acid, and vanillic acid levels. Significant differences were observed between the samples using principal component analysis, and correlation analysis showed strong positive relationships between phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacity. Lavender and thyme beverages at 2% concentration were the most preferred in sensory evaluation. In conclusion, lavender, thyme, and purple basil functional beverages can contribute to the enrichment of mineral waters, particularly in terms of antioxidants, thereby making these products more appealing to consumers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Turkish Journal of Agriculture & Forestry is the property of Scientific and Technical Research Council of Turkey and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Plant extract-enriched mineral beverages: effects of temperature and ultrasound processing on bioactive content.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22TOPDAŞ%2C+Elif+Feyza%22">TOPDAŞ, Elif Feyza</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> efeyza.topdas@atauni.edu.tr</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22KARAKÜTÜK%2C+İsa+Arslan%22">KARAKÜTÜK, İsa Arslan</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22ŞENGÜL%2C+Memnune%22">ŞENGÜL, Memnune</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Turkish+Journal+of+Agriculture+%26+Forestry%22">Turkish Journal of Agriculture & Forestry</searchLink>. 2026, Vol. 50 Issue 3, p301-324. 24p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Bioactive+compounds%22">Bioactive compounds</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Antioxidants%22">Antioxidants</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Plant+extracts%22">Plant extracts</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Phenols%22">Phenols</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Sensory+evaluation%22">Sensory evaluation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Sonication%22">Sonication</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mineral+waters%22">Mineral waters</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Temperature+effect%22">Temperature effect</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Functional beverages derived from herbal extracts have potential health benefits. There is a growing interest in these beverages because they are a sustainable and health-promoting alternative to conventional flavored drinks. This study aimed to produce phenolicrich mineralized herbal beverages using lyophilized purple basil, lavender, and thyme extracts at two different concentrations (2% and 4%). Changes in the physicochemical properties (pH, electrical conductivity, color, and viscosity), total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), total antioxidant capacity (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2'-Azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) radical scavenging assays), and individual phenolic compounds were determined for beverages stored at 4, 25, and 50 °C, as well as those treated with ultrasound. The mineral composition and sensory profile of the beverages were also determined. The type of extract, concentration, and treatments (ultrasound and storage temperatures) were statistically significantly different, particularly in the pH, electrical conductivity, viscosity, and color parameters of mineralized beverages. In 4% purple basil beverages, Na, Mg, K, and Fe values reached the highest levels. Ultrasound application reduced the DPPH and ABTS values in all beverage groups, while increasing the TPC and TFC values. On the other hand, storage at 50 °C significantly reduced the antioxidant capacity of the beverages. Ultrasonic treatment had positive effects on antioxidant capacity; in contrast, increasing storage temperature had proportional adverse effect on these components, as evidenced by changes in 4-OH-benzoic acid, ferulic acid, fumaric acid, hesperidin, p-coumaric acid, quinic acid, rosmarinic acid, syringic acid, and vanillic acid levels. Significant differences were observed between the samples using principal component analysis, and correlation analysis showed strong positive relationships between phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacity. Lavender and thyme beverages at 2% concentration were the most preferred in sensory evaluation. In conclusion, lavender, thyme, and purple basil functional beverages can contribute to the enrichment of mineral waters, particularly in terms of antioxidants, thereby making these products more appealing to consumers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Turkish Journal of Agriculture & Forestry is the property of Scientific and Technical Research Council of Turkey and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
  BibEntity:
    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.55730/1300-011X.3353
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 24
        StartPage: 301
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Bioactive compounds
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Antioxidants
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Plant extracts
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Phenols
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Sensory evaluation
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Sonication
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Mineral waters
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Temperature effect
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Plant extract-enriched mineral beverages: effects of temperature and ultrasound processing on bioactive content.
        Type: main
  BibRelationships:
    HasContributorRelationships:
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: TOPDAŞ, Elif Feyza
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: KARAKÜTÜK, İsa Arslan
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: ŞENGÜL, Memnune
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          Dates:
            – D: 01
              M: 05
              Text: 2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
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            – Type: issn-print
              Value: 1300011X
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            – Type: volume
              Value: 50
            – Type: issue
              Value: 3
          Titles:
            – TitleFull: Turkish Journal of Agriculture & Forestry
              Type: main
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