PID control of MIMO systems represented by the MIMO ARX Meixner-like model: Application to a neonatal incubator and a 2-DOF helicopter systems.

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Title: PID control of MIMO systems represented by the MIMO ARX Meixner-like model: Application to a neonatal incubator and a 2-DOF helicopter systems.
Authors: Maraoui, Safa1 (AUTHOR) maraoui.safa@yahoo.fr, Bouzrara, Kais2 (AUTHOR)
Source: Transactions of the Institute of Measurement & Control. Jul2026, Vol. 48 Issue 11, p2602-2613. 12p.
Subjects: PID controllers, Multivariable control systems, Particle swarm optimization, Helicopter control systems, System identification, Infant incubators, Grey Wolf Optimizer algorithm
Abstract: This paper addresses the challenges of modeling and controlling Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) systems characterized by complex and often nonlinear interactions between inputs and outputs. We propose a novel control approach based on the MIMO ARX (auto-regressive model with external input) Meixner-like model, which reduces complexity while accurately capturing system dynamics. PID (proportional–integral–derivative) controllers are widely used in industry due to their simplicity, robustness, and cost-effectiveness. However, traditional PID tuning methods, such as Ziegler-Nichols and Cohen-Coon, are limited in handling complex MIMO systems with nonlinearities and external disturbances. To overcome these limitations, we propose optimizing PID gains using advanced optimization algorithms, namely particle swarm optimization and gray wolf optimization. These methods enable dynamic and efficient tuning of PID parameters, ensuring optimal performance even in the presence of nonlinear dynamics and disturbances. The proposed approach is validated through simulations on a neonatal incubator system and a two Degrees Of Freedom helicopter process, demonstrating its effectiveness in achieving robust and adaptive control. This study highlights the potential of combining traditional PID control with modern optimization techniques to address the challenges of complex MIMO systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Transactions of the Institute of Measurement & Control is the property of Sage Publications, Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: PID control of MIMO systems represented by the MIMO ARX Meixner-like model: Application to a neonatal incubator and a 2-DOF helicopter systems.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Maraoui%2C+Safa%22">Maraoui, Safa</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> maraoui.safa@yahoo.fr</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Bouzrara%2C+Kais%22">Bouzrara, Kais</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Transactions+of+the+Institute+of+Measurement+%26+Control%22">Transactions of the Institute of Measurement & Control</searchLink>. Jul2026, Vol. 48 Issue 11, p2602-2613. 12p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22PID+controllers%22">PID controllers</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Multivariable+control+systems%22">Multivariable control systems</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Particle+swarm+optimization%22">Particle swarm optimization</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Helicopter+control+systems%22">Helicopter control systems</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22System+identification%22">System identification</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Infant+incubators%22">Infant incubators</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Grey+Wolf+Optimizer+algorithm%22">Grey Wolf Optimizer algorithm</searchLink>
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  Data: This paper addresses the challenges of modeling and controlling Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) systems characterized by complex and often nonlinear interactions between inputs and outputs. We propose a novel control approach based on the MIMO ARX (auto-regressive model with external input) Meixner-like model, which reduces complexity while accurately capturing system dynamics. PID (proportional–integral–derivative) controllers are widely used in industry due to their simplicity, robustness, and cost-effectiveness. However, traditional PID tuning methods, such as Ziegler-Nichols and Cohen-Coon, are limited in handling complex MIMO systems with nonlinearities and external disturbances. To overcome these limitations, we propose optimizing PID gains using advanced optimization algorithms, namely particle swarm optimization and gray wolf optimization. These methods enable dynamic and efficient tuning of PID parameters, ensuring optimal performance even in the presence of nonlinear dynamics and disturbances. The proposed approach is validated through simulations on a neonatal incubator system and a two Degrees Of Freedom helicopter process, demonstrating its effectiveness in achieving robust and adaptive control. This study highlights the potential of combining traditional PID control with modern optimization techniques to address the challenges of complex MIMO systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Transactions of the Institute of Measurement & Control is the property of Sage Publications, Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1177/01423312251352881
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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      Pagination:
        PageCount: 12
        StartPage: 2602
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: PID controllers
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Multivariable control systems
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Particle swarm optimization
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Helicopter control systems
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: System identification
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Infant incubators
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Grey Wolf Optimizer algorithm
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: PID control of MIMO systems represented by the MIMO ARX Meixner-like model: Application to a neonatal incubator and a 2-DOF helicopter systems.
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          Name:
            NameFull: Maraoui, Safa
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            NameFull: Bouzrara, Kais
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          Dates:
            – D: 01
              M: 07
              Text: Jul2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
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              Value: 48
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              Value: 11
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            – TitleFull: Transactions of the Institute of Measurement & Control
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