Influence of the Ripeness Stages of the Precursors on the Optical Characteristics of Carbon Dots Obtained from Valencia Orange Peels (Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck) by Hydrothermal Synthesis.
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| Title: | Influence of the Ripeness Stages of the Precursors on the Optical Characteristics of Carbon Dots Obtained from Valencia Orange Peels (Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck) by Hydrothermal Synthesis. |
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| Authors: | Ocampo-Arias, Juan Pablo1 (AUTHOR) juanp.ocampoa@uqvirtual.edu.co, García-Salcedo, Ángela J.1 (AUTHOR), Tirado-Mejía, Liliana1 (AUTHOR) |
| Source: | Nanomaterials (2079-4991). Jun2026, Vol. 16 Issue 12, p783. 11p. |
| Subjects: | Carbon nanodots, Fruit ripening, Photoelectron spectroscopy, Orange peel, Surfaces (Technology), Transmission electron microscopy, Hydrothermal synthesis, Optical properties |
| Abstract: | The composition of the surface, optical response, and size of the carbon dots synthesized from Valencia orange peels (Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck) were studied. The peels used in the hydrothermal synthesis were at three ripeness stages, and the synthesis was carried out at 220 °C and 3 MPa. Infrared spectroscopy results showed that carbon dots synthesized from the peels of unripe oranges are functionalized with oxygenated groups, and the carbonization process was effective. Instead, carbon dots obtained from peels of ripe oranges exhibit a nitrogen-functionalized surface. These results were confirmed by the bond-breakdown analysis in photoelectron spectroscopy. Additionally, the self-doped surface modified the optical response of the carbon dots, exhibiting an enhancement of the absorption band located at 283 nm corresponding to the contribution from n-π* transitions in nitrogen. Also, the excitation and emission wavelengths present a red shift for the ripe peels. Based on the above and the transmission electron microscopy results, it is concluded that the emission mechanism is associated with surface states and not particle size. Statistical analysis yielded an average size of less than 10 nm, regardless of the orange peels' ripeness stage. It was observed that the CDs-N3 sample has more crystalline nuclei, which is justified because ripe peels follow a shorter carbonization pathway. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Copyright of Nanomaterials (2079-4991) is the property of MDPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) | |
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| Items | – Name: Title Label: Title Group: Ti Data: Influence of the Ripeness Stages of the Precursors on the Optical Characteristics of Carbon Dots Obtained from Valencia Orange Peels (Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck) by Hydrothermal Synthesis. – Name: Author Label: Authors Group: Au Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ocampo-Arias%2C+Juan+Pablo%22">Ocampo-Arias, Juan Pablo</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> juanp.ocampoa@uqvirtual.edu.co</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22García-Salcedo%2C+Ángela+J%2E%22">García-Salcedo, Ángela J.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Tirado-Mejía%2C+Liliana%22">Tirado-Mejía, Liliana</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR) – Name: TitleSource Label: Source Group: Src Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Nanomaterials+%282079-4991%29%22">Nanomaterials (2079-4991)</searchLink>. Jun2026, Vol. 16 Issue 12, p783. 11p. – Name: Subject Label: Subjects Group: Su Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Carbon+nanodots%22">Carbon nanodots</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Fruit+ripening%22">Fruit ripening</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Photoelectron+spectroscopy%22">Photoelectron spectroscopy</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Orange+peel%22">Orange peel</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Surfaces+%28Technology%29%22">Surfaces (Technology)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Transmission+electron+microscopy%22">Transmission electron microscopy</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Hydrothermal+synthesis%22">Hydrothermal synthesis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Optical+properties%22">Optical properties</searchLink> – Name: Abstract Label: Abstract Group: Ab Data: The composition of the surface, optical response, and size of the carbon dots synthesized from Valencia orange peels (Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck) were studied. The peels used in the hydrothermal synthesis were at three ripeness stages, and the synthesis was carried out at 220 °C and 3 MPa. Infrared spectroscopy results showed that carbon dots synthesized from the peels of unripe oranges are functionalized with oxygenated groups, and the carbonization process was effective. Instead, carbon dots obtained from peels of ripe oranges exhibit a nitrogen-functionalized surface. These results were confirmed by the bond-breakdown analysis in photoelectron spectroscopy. Additionally, the self-doped surface modified the optical response of the carbon dots, exhibiting an enhancement of the absorption band located at 283 nm corresponding to the contribution from n-π* transitions in nitrogen. Also, the excitation and emission wavelengths present a red shift for the ripe peels. Based on the above and the transmission electron microscopy results, it is concluded that the emission mechanism is associated with surface states and not particle size. Statistical analysis yielded an average size of less than 10 nm, regardless of the orange peels' ripeness stage. It was observed that the CDs-N3 sample has more crystalline nuclei, which is justified because ripe peels follow a shorter carbonization pathway. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] – Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright Label: Group: Ab Data: <i>Copyright of Nanomaterials (2079-4991) is the property of MDPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) |
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| RecordInfo | BibRecord: BibEntity: Identifiers: – Type: doi Value: 10.3390/nano16120783 Languages: – Code: eng Text: English PhysicalDescription: Pagination: PageCount: 11 StartPage: 783 Subjects: – SubjectFull: Carbon nanodots Type: general – SubjectFull: Fruit ripening Type: general – SubjectFull: Photoelectron spectroscopy Type: general – SubjectFull: Orange peel Type: general – SubjectFull: Surfaces (Technology) Type: general – SubjectFull: Transmission electron microscopy Type: general – SubjectFull: Hydrothermal synthesis Type: general – SubjectFull: Optical properties Type: general Titles: – TitleFull: Influence of the Ripeness Stages of the Precursors on the Optical Characteristics of Carbon Dots Obtained from Valencia Orange Peels (Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck) by Hydrothermal Synthesis. Type: main BibRelationships: HasContributorRelationships: – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Ocampo-Arias, Juan Pablo – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: García-Salcedo, Ángela J. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Tirado-Mejía, Liliana IsPartOfRelationships: – BibEntity: Dates: – D: 15 M: 06 Text: Jun2026 Type: published Y: 2026 Identifiers: – Type: issn-print Value: 20794991 Numbering: – Type: volume Value: 16 – Type: issue Value: 12 Titles: – TitleFull: Nanomaterials (2079-4991) Type: main |
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