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Joining Characteristics of Ti/Cu Joint Welded by Resistance Spot Welding.

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Title: Joining Characteristics of Ti/Cu Joint Welded by Resistance Spot Welding.
Authors: Tang, Yalong1 (AUTHOR), Su, Fuhao1,2 (AUTHOR), Ji, Dapeng2,3 (AUTHOR), Sun, Xiaobin3,4 (AUTHOR), Qiu, Ranfeng1,4,5 (AUTHOR) qiuranfeng@haust.edu.cn, Shi, Hongxin1,5,6 (AUTHOR), Tang, Shengxiong1,6 (AUTHOR)
Source: Materials (1996-1944). Jun2026, Vol. 19 Issue 12, p2446. 16p.
Subjects: Intermetallic compounds, Microstructure, Spot welding, Shear strength, Residual stresses
Abstract: To tackle the development of large-capacity titanium shell batteries, resistance spot welding was performed to join 1 mm thick TA2 titanium plate and T2 copper plate with a tungsten electrode on the copper side and a CuCrZr alloy electrode on the titanium side. The microstructure of the interfacial zone of the joint was systematically observed and analyzed, and the tensile shear bearing capacity of the joint was evaluated. At the interface zone in the peripheral region of the weld, a CuTi layer was formed adjacent to the titanium side, and a Cu4Ti layer was formed adjacent to the copper side; at the interface zone in the central region of the weld, four layers—CuTi2, CuTi, Cu4Ti3, and Cu4Ti—were formed. The tensile shear load of the joint exhibits a trend of initially increasing and subsequently decreasing as the welding current increases or the welding time extends, and the tensile shear load of the joint reaches the maximum value of 5.50 kN when the welding current is 18 kA and the welding time is 400 ms. The research findings suggest that despite the feasibility of resistance spot welding between titanium and copper by utilizing tungsten electrodes on the copper side, the intermetallic compound layer formed at the welding interface serves as the crucial factor influencing the performance of the joint. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Materials (1996-1944) is the property of MDPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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DbLabel: Engineering Source
An: 194907520
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PubTypeId: academicJournal
PreciseRelevancyScore: 0
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Items – Name: Title
  Label: Title
  Group: Ti
  Data: Joining Characteristics of Ti/Cu Joint Welded by Resistance Spot Welding.
– Name: Author
  Label: Authors
  Group: Au
  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Tang%2C+Yalong%22">Tang, Yalong</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Su%2C+Fuhao%22">Su, Fuhao</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ji%2C+Dapeng%22">Ji, Dapeng</searchLink><relatesTo>2,3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Sun%2C+Xiaobin%22">Sun, Xiaobin</searchLink><relatesTo>3,4</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Qiu%2C+Ranfeng%22">Qiu, Ranfeng</searchLink><relatesTo>1,4,5</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> qiuranfeng@haust.edu.cn</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Shi%2C+Hongxin%22">Shi, Hongxin</searchLink><relatesTo>1,5,6</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Tang%2C+Shengxiong%22">Tang, Shengxiong</searchLink><relatesTo>1,6</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Materials+%281996-1944%29%22">Materials (1996-1944)</searchLink>. Jun2026, Vol. 19 Issue 12, p2446. 16p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Intermetallic+compounds%22">Intermetallic compounds</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Microstructure%22">Microstructure</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Spot+welding%22">Spot welding</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Shear+strength%22">Shear strength</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Residual+stresses%22">Residual stresses</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: To tackle the development of large-capacity titanium shell batteries, resistance spot welding was performed to join 1 mm thick TA2 titanium plate and T2 copper plate with a tungsten electrode on the copper side and a CuCrZr alloy electrode on the titanium side. The microstructure of the interfacial zone of the joint was systematically observed and analyzed, and the tensile shear bearing capacity of the joint was evaluated. At the interface zone in the peripheral region of the weld, a CuTi layer was formed adjacent to the titanium side, and a Cu4Ti layer was formed adjacent to the copper side; at the interface zone in the central region of the weld, four layers—CuTi2, CuTi, Cu4Ti3, and Cu4Ti—were formed. The tensile shear load of the joint exhibits a trend of initially increasing and subsequently decreasing as the welding current increases or the welding time extends, and the tensile shear load of the joint reaches the maximum value of 5.50 kN when the welding current is 18 kA and the welding time is 400 ms. The research findings suggest that despite the feasibility of resistance spot welding between titanium and copper by utilizing tungsten electrodes on the copper side, the intermetallic compound layer formed at the welding interface serves as the crucial factor influencing the performance of the joint. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Materials (1996-1944) is the property of MDPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.3390/ma19122446
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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      Pagination:
        PageCount: 16
        StartPage: 2446
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Intermetallic compounds
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Microstructure
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Spot welding
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Shear strength
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Residual stresses
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Joining Characteristics of Ti/Cu Joint Welded by Resistance Spot Welding.
        Type: main
  BibRelationships:
    HasContributorRelationships:
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Tang, Yalong
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          Name:
            NameFull: Su, Fuhao
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            NameFull: Ji, Dapeng
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            NameFull: Sun, Xiaobin
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            NameFull: Qiu, Ranfeng
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            NameFull: Shi, Hongxin
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            NameFull: Tang, Shengxiong
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            – D: 15
              M: 06
              Text: Jun2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
          Identifiers:
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              Value: 19961944
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              Value: 19
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              Value: 12
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            – TitleFull: Materials (1996-1944)
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