Design for Multi-Layer Thermal Protective Clothing Based on Numerical Simulation of Heat Transfer.
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| Title: | Design for Multi-Layer Thermal Protective Clothing Based on Numerical Simulation of Heat Transfer. |
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| Authors: | Chen, Xiaoling1 (AUTHOR), Nie, Cunyun2 (AUTHOR) ncy1028@163.com |
| Source: | Materials (1996-1944). Jun2026, Vol. 19 Issue 12, p2478. 19p. |
| Subjects: | Heat transfer, Multilayers, Computer simulation, Textiles, Thermal insulation, Optimization algorithms, Protective clothing |
| Abstract: | It is well-known that high-performance thermal protective clothing is crucial for personnel working in high-temperature environments, such as firefighters. Thermal protective clothing design usually integrates textile materials' type, thickness, physical and chemical properties (such as thermal conductivity), ergonomics, and environmental adaptability. In this study, the heat transfer process and the optimal thickness are mainly discussed for providing some references on the design of this clothing. The thickness design of thermal protective clothing fabrics is carried out via numerical heat transfer simulations based on experimental data obtained from manikin tests. Firstly, one heat transfer model for thermal protective clothing, including three textile materials' layers and one air layer, is constructed according to Fourier's law of heat conduction, Newton's law of cooling, and the Stefan–Boltzmann law, with appropriate boundary conditions assigned. Secondly, the finite volume element method, which has the important advantage of preserving conservation properties for physical quantities, is employed to discretize the heat transfer model. Thirdly, the convective heat transfer coefficient, which characterizes heat exchange between fluid and solid surfaces, is determined approximately by the least-squares method based on the given data, while the heat transfer process is simultaneously simulated. Fourthly, the thicknesses of the second and fourth layers are critical to the performance of thermal protective clothing. Two optimization algorithms are proposed to determine the optimal thickness configuration that effectively balances thermal insulation and wearing comfort. From the above results, it is recommended to use multilayer textile composite materials incorporating aerogel insulation layers and phase-change material interlayers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Copyright of Materials (1996-1944) is the property of MDPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) | |
| Database: | Engineering Source |
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| Header | DbId: egs DbLabel: Engineering Source An: 194907552 AccessLevel: 6 PubType: Academic Journal PubTypeId: academicJournal PreciseRelevancyScore: 0 |
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| Items | – Name: Title Label: Title Group: Ti Data: Design for Multi-Layer Thermal Protective Clothing Based on Numerical Simulation of Heat Transfer. – Name: Author Label: Authors Group: Au Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Chen%2C+Xiaoling%22">Chen, Xiaoling</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Nie%2C+Cunyun%22">Nie, Cunyun</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> ncy1028@163.com</i> – Name: TitleSource Label: Source Group: Src Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Materials+%281996-1944%29%22">Materials (1996-1944)</searchLink>. Jun2026, Vol. 19 Issue 12, p2478. 19p. – Name: Subject Label: Subjects Group: Su Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Heat+transfer%22">Heat transfer</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Multilayers%22">Multilayers</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Computer+simulation%22">Computer simulation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Textiles%22">Textiles</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Thermal+insulation%22">Thermal insulation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Optimization+algorithms%22">Optimization algorithms</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Protective+clothing%22">Protective clothing</searchLink> – Name: Abstract Label: Abstract Group: Ab Data: It is well-known that high-performance thermal protective clothing is crucial for personnel working in high-temperature environments, such as firefighters. Thermal protective clothing design usually integrates textile materials' type, thickness, physical and chemical properties (such as thermal conductivity), ergonomics, and environmental adaptability. In this study, the heat transfer process and the optimal thickness are mainly discussed for providing some references on the design of this clothing. The thickness design of thermal protective clothing fabrics is carried out via numerical heat transfer simulations based on experimental data obtained from manikin tests. Firstly, one heat transfer model for thermal protective clothing, including three textile materials' layers and one air layer, is constructed according to Fourier's law of heat conduction, Newton's law of cooling, and the Stefan–Boltzmann law, with appropriate boundary conditions assigned. Secondly, the finite volume element method, which has the important advantage of preserving conservation properties for physical quantities, is employed to discretize the heat transfer model. Thirdly, the convective heat transfer coefficient, which characterizes heat exchange between fluid and solid surfaces, is determined approximately by the least-squares method based on the given data, while the heat transfer process is simultaneously simulated. Fourthly, the thicknesses of the second and fourth layers are critical to the performance of thermal protective clothing. Two optimization algorithms are proposed to determine the optimal thickness configuration that effectively balances thermal insulation and wearing comfort. From the above results, it is recommended to use multilayer textile composite materials incorporating aerogel insulation layers and phase-change material interlayers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] – Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright Label: Group: Ab Data: <i>Copyright of Materials (1996-1944) is the property of MDPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) |
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| RecordInfo | BibRecord: BibEntity: Identifiers: – Type: doi Value: 10.3390/ma19122478 Languages: – Code: eng Text: English PhysicalDescription: Pagination: PageCount: 19 StartPage: 2478 Subjects: – SubjectFull: Heat transfer Type: general – SubjectFull: Multilayers Type: general – SubjectFull: Computer simulation Type: general – SubjectFull: Textiles Type: general – SubjectFull: Thermal insulation Type: general – SubjectFull: Optimization algorithms Type: general – SubjectFull: Protective clothing Type: general Titles: – TitleFull: Design for Multi-Layer Thermal Protective Clothing Based on Numerical Simulation of Heat Transfer. Type: main BibRelationships: HasContributorRelationships: – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Chen, Xiaoling – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Nie, Cunyun IsPartOfRelationships: – BibEntity: Dates: – D: 15 M: 06 Text: Jun2026 Type: published Y: 2026 Identifiers: – Type: issn-print Value: 19961944 Numbering: – Type: volume Value: 19 – Type: issue Value: 12 Titles: – TitleFull: Materials (1996-1944) Type: main |
| ResultId | 1 |
