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Leveraging microorganisms and biostimulants: mitigating salinity stress in crops with agricultural biologicals.

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Title: Leveraging microorganisms and biostimulants: mitigating salinity stress in crops with agricultural biologicals.
Authors: Witzel, Katja1 (AUTHOR) Witzel@igzev.de, Motos, José Ramón Acosta2 (AUTHOR) jracosta@ucam.edu, Atay, Ersin3 (AUTHOR) ersinatay@mehmetakif.edu.tr, Çiçek, Nuray4 (AUTHOR) nuraycicek3b@gmail.com, Mistríková, Veronika5 (AUTHOR) veronika.mistrikova@savba.sk, Oney-Birol, Signem6 (AUTHOR) sobirol@mehmetakif.edu.tr, Soto, Sebastian Rodas7 (AUTHOR) rodas.soto@stud.uni-hannover.de, Solymosi, Katalin8 (AUTHOR) katalin.solymosi@ttk.elte.hu, Yücedağ, Cengiz9 (AUTHOR) yucedagc@gmail.com, Papenbrock, Jutta7 (AUTHOR) Jutta.Papenbrock@botanik.uni-hannover.de
Source: Plant & Soil. Jun2026, Vol. 523 Issue 2, p851-873. 23p.
Subjects: Microorganisms, Bioactive compounds, Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria, Soil salinity, Agricultural productivity, Salt-tolerant crops, Mycorrhizal fungi
Abstract: Background and Aims: Soil salinity is an increasing threat to crop production and, as a consequence, improving the level of salinity tolerance has become a priority in plant research. Biologicals, including microorganisms and biostimulants, can play a significant role in enhancing plant tolerance to salinity stress, which is further fueled by soil degradation and climate change. Methods: This review explores the mechanisms by which these agents contribute to salinity tolerance. Results: Microorganisms such as plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria, mycorrhizal or endophytic fungi improve plant resilience by facilitating nutrient uptake, producing phytohormones, and enhancing antioxidant activities. They alter root architecture and exude signals that improve water use efficiency, allowing plants to better manage osmotic stress. Biostimulants, comprising amino acids, humic substances, plant and seaweed extracts, further bolster plant tolerance by regulating ion balance and stimulating metabolic pathways associated with the stress response. Some of these substances enhance photosynthetic efficiency, thus maintaining plant growth and productivity under saline conditions. Collectively, the synergistic interaction of microorganisms and biostimulants cultivates a robust soil-plant interface, providing a sustainable strategy to mitigate the impacts of salinity. Conclusion: Continued research is needed to optimize their application methods and to understand the complex interactions within specific crop and soil systems, enabling agricultural systems to adapt to increasing soil salinity levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Plant & Soil is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Leveraging microorganisms and biostimulants: mitigating salinity stress in crops with agricultural biologicals.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Witzel%2C+Katja%22">Witzel, Katja</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> Witzel@igzev.de</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Motos%2C+José+Ramón+Acosta%22">Motos, José Ramón Acosta</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> jracosta@ucam.edu</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Atay%2C+Ersin%22">Atay, Ersin</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> ersinatay@mehmetakif.edu.tr</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Çiçek%2C+Nuray%22">Çiçek, Nuray</searchLink><relatesTo>4</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> nuraycicek3b@gmail.com</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Mistríková%2C+Veronika%22">Mistríková, Veronika</searchLink><relatesTo>5</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> veronika.mistrikova@savba.sk</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Oney-Birol%2C+Signem%22">Oney-Birol, Signem</searchLink><relatesTo>6</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> sobirol@mehmetakif.edu.tr</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Soto%2C+Sebastian+Rodas%22">Soto, Sebastian Rodas</searchLink><relatesTo>7</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> rodas.soto@stud.uni-hannover.de</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Solymosi%2C+Katalin%22">Solymosi, Katalin</searchLink><relatesTo>8</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> katalin.solymosi@ttk.elte.hu</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Yücedağ%2C+Cengiz%22">Yücedağ, Cengiz</searchLink><relatesTo>9</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> yucedagc@gmail.com</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Papenbrock%2C+Jutta%22">Papenbrock, Jutta</searchLink><relatesTo>7</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> Jutta.Papenbrock@botanik.uni-hannover.de</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Microorganisms%22">Microorganisms</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Bioactive+compounds%22">Bioactive compounds</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Plant+growth-promoting+rhizobacteria%22">Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Soil+salinity%22">Soil salinity</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Agricultural+productivity%22">Agricultural productivity</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Salt-tolerant+crops%22">Salt-tolerant crops</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mycorrhizal+fungi%22">Mycorrhizal fungi</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
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  Data: Background and Aims: Soil salinity is an increasing threat to crop production and, as a consequence, improving the level of salinity tolerance has become a priority in plant research. Biologicals, including microorganisms and biostimulants, can play a significant role in enhancing plant tolerance to salinity stress, which is further fueled by soil degradation and climate change. Methods: This review explores the mechanisms by which these agents contribute to salinity tolerance. Results: Microorganisms such as plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria, mycorrhizal or endophytic fungi improve plant resilience by facilitating nutrient uptake, producing phytohormones, and enhancing antioxidant activities. They alter root architecture and exude signals that improve water use efficiency, allowing plants to better manage osmotic stress. Biostimulants, comprising amino acids, humic substances, plant and seaweed extracts, further bolster plant tolerance by regulating ion balance and stimulating metabolic pathways associated with the stress response. Some of these substances enhance photosynthetic efficiency, thus maintaining plant growth and productivity under saline conditions. Collectively, the synergistic interaction of microorganisms and biostimulants cultivates a robust soil-plant interface, providing a sustainable strategy to mitigate the impacts of salinity. Conclusion: Continued research is needed to optimize their application methods and to understand the complex interactions within specific crop and soil systems, enabling agricultural systems to adapt to increasing soil salinity levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Plant & Soil is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1007/s11104-025-07578-1
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