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Strain-Induced Martensitic Transformation and Springback Analysis of Austenitic Stainless Steel During Roll-Forming Process.

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Title: Strain-Induced Martensitic Transformation and Springback Analysis of Austenitic Stainless Steel During Roll-Forming Process.
Authors: Han, Fei1 (AUTHOR) hanfei@ncut.edu.cn, Ning, Zihuai1 (AUTHOR), Luo, Zhanpeng1 (AUTHOR), Yuan, Baochen1 (AUTHOR)
Source: Metallurgical & Materials Transactions. Part A. Aug2026, Vol. 57 Issue 8, p3963-3982. 20p.
Subjects: Martensitic transformations, Springback (Elasticity), X-ray diffraction, Microstructure, Material plasticity, Roll forming (Metalwork), Austenitic stainless steel
Abstract: This study investigates the strain-induced martensitic transformation (SIMT) and springback behavior of 304 austenitic stainless steel during multi-pass roll forming. By utilizing cyclic tensile tests, quantitative X-ray diffraction (XRD), and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD), we established a critical correlation between microstructural evolution and macroscopic mechanical response. The martensite volume fraction increased monotonically with the cumulative forming angle. A significant acceleration in transformation kinetics was observed at a 40 deg forming angle, coinciding with a rapid decrease in twin boundary density and widespread slip band activation, and the extensive nucleation of martensite in 304 stainless steel triggers the transformation-induced plasticity (TRIP) effect, effectively suppressing springback. Mechanistic analysis revealed that α′-martensite nucleation sites evolved from high-energy twin boundaries to slip bands within soft-oriented grains as deformation progressed, while strictly adhering to the Kurdjumov–Sachs orientation relationship. Furthermore, the biaxial stress state characteristic of roll forming promoted a higher transformation rate compared to uniaxial tension. These findings provide a critical microstructural basis for accurate springback prediction in metastable stainless steels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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Database: Engineering Source
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Abstract:This study investigates the strain-induced martensitic transformation (SIMT) and springback behavior of 304 austenitic stainless steel during multi-pass roll forming. By utilizing cyclic tensile tests, quantitative X-ray diffraction (XRD), and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD), we established a critical correlation between microstructural evolution and macroscopic mechanical response. The martensite volume fraction increased monotonically with the cumulative forming angle. A significant acceleration in transformation kinetics was observed at a 40 deg forming angle, coinciding with a rapid decrease in twin boundary density and widespread slip band activation, and the extensive nucleation of martensite in 304 stainless steel triggers the transformation-induced plasticity (TRIP) effect, effectively suppressing springback. Mechanistic analysis revealed that α′-martensite nucleation sites evolved from high-energy twin boundaries to slip bands within soft-oriented grains as deformation progressed, while strictly adhering to the Kurdjumov–Sachs orientation relationship. Furthermore, the biaxial stress state characteristic of roll forming promoted a higher transformation rate compared to uniaxial tension. These findings provide a critical microstructural basis for accurate springback prediction in metastable stainless steels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
ISSN:10735623
DOI:10.1007/s11661-026-08255-3