Interpretation of the Transition from Absorption to Amplification in an Electric Field of Resonant Terahertz Reflection in Graphene Sandwiches and Prospects for Creating a Universal Terahertz Sandwich Laser.
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| Title: | Interpretation of the Transition from Absorption to Amplification in an Electric Field of Resonant Terahertz Reflection in Graphene Sandwiches and Prospects for Creating a Universal Terahertz Sandwich Laser. |
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| Authors: | Andronov, A. A.1 (AUTHOR) andron@ipmras.ru, Pozdnyakova, V. I.1 (AUTHOR) |
| Source: | JETP Letters. Jun2026, Vol. 123 Issue 11, p749-755. 7p. |
| Subjects: | Terahertz technology, Wave amplification, Frequency tuning, Electric field effects, Fermions, Electronic excitation, Submillimeter waves |
| Abstract: | The performed calculations and discussions have explained the mechanisms of terahertz radiation reflection from high-quality graphene sandwiches (coated with hexagonal boron nitride layers) with stripline resonators and an electric field and current in graphene in an experiment carried out by the group led by Taiichi Otsuji. In that experiment, a decrease in the frequency and the suppression of terahertz resonances in the strips to their disappearance were observed with an initial increase in the field strength and the emergence of resonances with increasing frequency and amplification was observed in high fields. It is demonstrated in this work that resonance suppression in low fields is caused by the Dirac relation between the electron velocity and the momentum in graphene and by diffusional heating of electrons with increasing temperature. The emergence of resonances with amplification in high fields is caused by the transition to dynamic heating (streaming) of electrons in graphene, where the main electron dynamic processes are motion in the electric field and the emission of optical phonons. Our calculations show that a negative terahertz conductivity (with frequencies dependent on the electric field) and a positive additive to the real part of the graphene response with a region where it increases with the frequency arise in graphene under these conditions. This leads to the observed increase in resonance frequencies with the field and amplification at the resonances. These observations and our analysis provide a realistic basis for creating a cw terahertz laser at room temperature, tunable in frequency by an electric field over a wide range (1–10 THz), based on such sandwiches, without stripline resonators. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Copyright of JETP Letters is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) | |
| Database: | Engineering Source |
| FullText | Text: Availability: 0 |
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| Header | DbId: egs DbLabel: Engineering Source An: 195185047 AccessLevel: 6 PubType: Academic Journal PubTypeId: academicJournal PreciseRelevancyScore: 0 |
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| Items | – Name: Title Label: Title Group: Ti Data: Interpretation of the Transition from Absorption to Amplification in an Electric Field of Resonant Terahertz Reflection in Graphene Sandwiches and Prospects for Creating a Universal Terahertz Sandwich Laser. – Name: Author Label: Authors Group: Au Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Andronov%2C+A%2E+A%2E%22">Andronov, A. A.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> andron@ipmras.ru</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Pozdnyakova%2C+V%2E+I%2E%22">Pozdnyakova, V. I.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR) – Name: TitleSource Label: Source Group: Src Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22JETP+Letters%22">JETP Letters</searchLink>. Jun2026, Vol. 123 Issue 11, p749-755. 7p. – Name: Subject Label: Subjects Group: Su Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Terahertz+technology%22">Terahertz technology</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Wave+amplification%22">Wave amplification</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Frequency+tuning%22">Frequency tuning</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Electric+field+effects%22">Electric field effects</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Fermions%22">Fermions</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Electronic+excitation%22">Electronic excitation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Submillimeter+waves%22">Submillimeter waves</searchLink> – Name: Abstract Label: Abstract Group: Ab Data: The performed calculations and discussions have explained the mechanisms of terahertz radiation reflection from high-quality graphene sandwiches (coated with hexagonal boron nitride layers) with stripline resonators and an electric field and current in graphene in an experiment carried out by the group led by Taiichi Otsuji. In that experiment, a decrease in the frequency and the suppression of terahertz resonances in the strips to their disappearance were observed with an initial increase in the field strength and the emergence of resonances with increasing frequency and amplification was observed in high fields. It is demonstrated in this work that resonance suppression in low fields is caused by the Dirac relation between the electron velocity and the momentum in graphene and by diffusional heating of electrons with increasing temperature. The emergence of resonances with amplification in high fields is caused by the transition to dynamic heating (streaming) of electrons in graphene, where the main electron dynamic processes are motion in the electric field and the emission of optical phonons. Our calculations show that a negative terahertz conductivity (with frequencies dependent on the electric field) and a positive additive to the real part of the graphene response with a region where it increases with the frequency arise in graphene under these conditions. This leads to the observed increase in resonance frequencies with the field and amplification at the resonances. These observations and our analysis provide a realistic basis for creating a cw terahertz laser at room temperature, tunable in frequency by an electric field over a wide range (1–10 THz), based on such sandwiches, without stripline resonators. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] – Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright Label: Group: Ab Data: <i>Copyright of JETP Letters is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) |
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| RecordInfo | BibRecord: BibEntity: Identifiers: – Type: doi Value: 10.1134/S0021364025610437 Languages: – Code: eng Text: English PhysicalDescription: Pagination: PageCount: 7 StartPage: 749 Subjects: – SubjectFull: Terahertz technology Type: general – SubjectFull: Wave amplification Type: general – SubjectFull: Frequency tuning Type: general – SubjectFull: Electric field effects Type: general – SubjectFull: Fermions Type: general – SubjectFull: Electronic excitation Type: general – SubjectFull: Submillimeter waves Type: general Titles: – TitleFull: Interpretation of the Transition from Absorption to Amplification in an Electric Field of Resonant Terahertz Reflection in Graphene Sandwiches and Prospects for Creating a Universal Terahertz Sandwich Laser. Type: main BibRelationships: HasContributorRelationships: – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Andronov, A. A. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Pozdnyakova, V. I. IsPartOfRelationships: – BibEntity: Dates: – D: 01 M: 06 Text: Jun2026 Type: published Y: 2026 Identifiers: – Type: issn-print Value: 00213640 Numbering: – Type: volume Value: 123 – Type: issue Value: 11 Titles: – TitleFull: JETP Letters Type: main |
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