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Post-mortem through-thickness characterizing of impact fatigue damage in glass fiber/epoxy composite with embedded copper conductor.

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Title: Post-mortem through-thickness characterizing of impact fatigue damage in glass fiber/epoxy composite with embedded copper conductor.
Authors: Bachir Bey, Imene1 (AUTHOR) ibachirbey@usthb.dz, Si Ahmed, Fatiha1 (AUTHOR), Ouroua, Yacine2 (AUTHOR)
Source: Journal of Composite Materials. Aug2026, Vol. 60 Issue 19, p1755-1767. 13p.
Subjects: Copper wire, Impact (Mechanics), Glass-reinforced plastics, Fatigue cracks, Microscopy, Fatigue testing machines, Laminated materials
Abstract: Multifunctional composite materials are highly used in high-tech industries; their unique properties make them a major economic asset. However, understanding their complex damage modes remains a challenge which affects the ability to predict the lifespan with accuracy. This work focuses on the low energy impact fatigue damage progression through-thickness of a glass fiber/copper/epoxy multifunctional composite material. Three levels of energy were chosen for the fatigue tests: Ei = 2 J, 3 J, and 4 J. A chemical process allowed the dissolution of the epoxy resin and the recovery and later inspection of the damaged copper and glass fiber woven fabric. Damage growth was quantified layer by layer, revealing a significant increase between the 4th and 5th plies corresponding to the location of the copper insert. This suggests that the insert initially delays damage propagation, but amplifies it after its own failure. Microscopic inspection of the recovered copper and the glass fiber allowed the observation of the ruptured surface of the copper and showed that the glass fibers are the origin of the initiation of the damage in the copper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Journal of Composite Materials is the property of Sage Publications, Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Engineering Source
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DbLabel: Engineering Source
An: 195218377
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PubType: Academic Journal
PubTypeId: academicJournal
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  Label: Title
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  Data: Post-mortem through-thickness characterizing of impact fatigue damage in glass fiber/epoxy composite with embedded copper conductor.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Bachir+Bey%2C+Imene%22">Bachir Bey, Imene</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> ibachirbey@usthb.dz</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Si+Ahmed%2C+Fatiha%22">Si Ahmed, Fatiha</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ouroua%2C+Yacine%22">Ouroua, Yacine</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+Composite+Materials%22">Journal of Composite Materials</searchLink>. Aug2026, Vol. 60 Issue 19, p1755-1767. 13p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Copper+wire%22">Copper wire</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Impact+%28Mechanics%29%22">Impact (Mechanics)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Glass-reinforced+plastics%22">Glass-reinforced plastics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Fatigue+cracks%22">Fatigue cracks</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Microscopy%22">Microscopy</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Fatigue+testing+machines%22">Fatigue testing machines</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Laminated+materials%22">Laminated materials</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Multifunctional composite materials are highly used in high-tech industries; their unique properties make them a major economic asset. However, understanding their complex damage modes remains a challenge which affects the ability to predict the lifespan with accuracy. This work focuses on the low energy impact fatigue damage progression through-thickness of a glass fiber/copper/epoxy multifunctional composite material. Three levels of energy were chosen for the fatigue tests: Ei = 2 J, 3 J, and 4 J. A chemical process allowed the dissolution of the epoxy resin and the recovery and later inspection of the damaged copper and glass fiber woven fabric. Damage growth was quantified layer by layer, revealing a significant increase between the 4th and 5th plies corresponding to the location of the copper insert. This suggests that the insert initially delays damage propagation, but amplifies it after its own failure. Microscopic inspection of the recovered copper and the glass fiber allowed the observation of the ruptured surface of the copper and showed that the glass fibers are the origin of the initiation of the damage in the copper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Composite Materials is the property of Sage Publications, Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
  BibEntity:
    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1177/00219983251393493
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 13
        StartPage: 1755
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Copper wire
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Impact (Mechanics)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Glass-reinforced plastics
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Fatigue cracks
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Microscopy
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Fatigue testing machines
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Laminated materials
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Post-mortem through-thickness characterizing of impact fatigue damage in glass fiber/epoxy composite with embedded copper conductor.
        Type: main
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      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Bachir Bey, Imene
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          Name:
            NameFull: Si Ahmed, Fatiha
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Ouroua, Yacine
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          Dates:
            – D: 15
              M: 08
              Text: Aug2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
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              Value: 00219983
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              Value: 60
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              Value: 19
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            – TitleFull: Journal of Composite Materials
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