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Coupled Investigation of Process Parameters and Grain Structure Evolution in Investment Cast Turbine Blades.

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Title: Coupled Investigation of Process Parameters and Grain Structure Evolution in Investment Cast Turbine Blades.
Authors: Xiong, Chen1 (AUTHOR), Wang, Shu1 (AUTHOR) wangshu@hit.edu.cn, Chen, Ruirun1 (AUTHOR) ruirunchen@hit.edu.cn, Xu, Weipeng1 (AUTHOR), Pan, Jiacheng1 (AUTHOR), Chen, Dezhi1 (AUTHOR), Fang, Hongze1 (AUTHOR), Zhu, Qiuju2 (AUTHOR), Wang, Xiaoming2 (AUTHOR), Liu, Yanbo2 (AUTHOR), Gao, Yalong2 (AUTHOR), Guo, Jingjie1 (AUTHOR)
Source: International Journal of Metalcasting. Jul2026, Vol. 20 Issue 4, p2532-2544. 13p.
Subjects: Grain refinement, Precision casting, Gas turbine blades, Microstructure, Computer simulation, Heat resistant alloys, Crystal grain boundaries
Abstract: As a critical component in gas turbines, the guide vane must exhibit well-controlled microstructural characteristics—such as grain refinement and crystallographic orientation—to ensure high performance. However, conventional studies often focus on microstructure optimization alone, limiting improvements in overall casting quality. This study proposes an integrated numerical and experimental framework to investigate grain evolution during the investment casting of turbine guide vanes. A coupled cellular automaton and finite element approach is applied to simulate grain morphology under varying pouring speeds and nucleation parameters. The simulation results are validated through scanning electron microscopy and compositional analysis. It is found that moderately increasing the pouring speed enhances melt flow and nucleation kinetics, leading to finer grains and a higher proportion of equiaxed structures. Further, increasing the average bulk nucleation undercooling promotes grain refinement and equiaxed grain formation. The simulated grain evolution agrees well with experimental observations, demonstrating the applicability of this modeling strategy to complex thin-walled castings. Moreover, titanium-rich second-phase particles observed along grain boundaries support the predicted microstructural features. This study offers a practical basis for microstructure control in the investment casting of high-temperature alloy components. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of International Journal of Metalcasting is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Engineering Source
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DbLabel: Engineering Source
An: 195284922
AccessLevel: 6
PubType: Academic Journal
PubTypeId: academicJournal
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  Data: Coupled Investigation of Process Parameters and Grain Structure Evolution in Investment Cast Turbine Blades.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22International+Journal+of+Metalcasting%22">International Journal of Metalcasting</searchLink>. Jul2026, Vol. 20 Issue 4, p2532-2544. 13p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Grain+refinement%22">Grain refinement</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Precision+casting%22">Precision casting</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Gas+turbine+blades%22">Gas turbine blades</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Microstructure%22">Microstructure</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Computer+simulation%22">Computer simulation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Heat+resistant+alloys%22">Heat resistant alloys</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Crystal+grain+boundaries%22">Crystal grain boundaries</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
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  Data: As a critical component in gas turbines, the guide vane must exhibit well-controlled microstructural characteristics—such as grain refinement and crystallographic orientation—to ensure high performance. However, conventional studies often focus on microstructure optimization alone, limiting improvements in overall casting quality. This study proposes an integrated numerical and experimental framework to investigate grain evolution during the investment casting of turbine guide vanes. A coupled cellular automaton and finite element approach is applied to simulate grain morphology under varying pouring speeds and nucleation parameters. The simulation results are validated through scanning electron microscopy and compositional analysis. It is found that moderately increasing the pouring speed enhances melt flow and nucleation kinetics, leading to finer grains and a higher proportion of equiaxed structures. Further, increasing the average bulk nucleation undercooling promotes grain refinement and equiaxed grain formation. The simulated grain evolution agrees well with experimental observations, demonstrating the applicability of this modeling strategy to complex thin-walled castings. Moreover, titanium-rich second-phase particles observed along grain boundaries support the predicted microstructural features. This study offers a practical basis for microstructure control in the investment casting of high-temperature alloy components. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of International Journal of Metalcasting is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1007/s40962-025-01755-9
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 13
        StartPage: 2532
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Grain refinement
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Precision casting
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Gas turbine blades
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      – SubjectFull: Microstructure
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      – SubjectFull: Computer simulation
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      – SubjectFull: Heat resistant alloys
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      – SubjectFull: Crystal grain boundaries
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      – TitleFull: Coupled Investigation of Process Parameters and Grain Structure Evolution in Investment Cast Turbine Blades.
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              Text: Jul2026
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              Y: 2026
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