Nonlinear saturation of ballooning modes in stellarators.
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| Title: | Nonlinear saturation of ballooning modes in stellarators. |
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| Authors: | Chu, X.1,2 (AUTHOR) xchu@pppl.gov, Cowley, S.C.1,2 (AUTHOR), Ferraro, N.1 (AUTHOR), Zhou, Y.3 (AUTHOR), Parra, F.I.1,2 (AUTHOR) |
| Source: | Nuclear Fusion. 2026, Vol. 66 Issue 8, p1-15. 15p. |
| Abstract: | Ballooning mode saturation is investigated in realistic stellarator configurations using the flux tube approach of Ham et al (2018 Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion 60 075017), Ham et al (2016 Phys. Rev. Lett. 116 235001). The method is adapted to account for the lack of exact force balance in stellarator equilibrium solvers that assume existence of nested flux surfaces. A variational approach for calculating flux tube energy is developed to overcome this force error problem in stellarator numerical equilibria. Saturated (equilibrium) flux tube states that cross 10%–20% of the plasma minor radius are shown to exist for linearly ballooning unstable profiles. It is shown that several features of the displaced flux tube structure in a full nonlinear MHD simulation of Wendelstein 7X are reproduced by our model. Saturated states are found in a compact stellarator equilibrium close but below the marginal ballooning linear instability, i.e. the unperturbed equilibrium is metastable. This suggests that edge-localized-mode-like explosive MHD behavior may be possible in stellarators. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Copyright of Nuclear Fusion is the property of IOP Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) | |
| Database: | Engineering Source |
| FullText | Text: Availability: 0 |
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| Header | DbId: egs DbLabel: Engineering Source An: 195316145 AccessLevel: 6 PubType: Academic Journal PubTypeId: academicJournal PreciseRelevancyScore: 0 |
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| Items | – Name: Title Label: Title Group: Ti Data: Nonlinear saturation of ballooning modes in stellarators. – Name: Author Label: Authors Group: Au Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Chu%2C+X%2E%22">Chu, X.</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> xchu@pppl.gov</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Cowley%2C+S%2EC%2E%22">Cowley, S.C.</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ferraro%2C+N%2E%22">Ferraro, N.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zhou%2C+Y%2E%22">Zhou, Y.</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Parra%2C+F%2EI%2E%22">Parra, F.I.</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR) – Name: TitleSource Label: Source Group: Src Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Nuclear+Fusion%22">Nuclear Fusion</searchLink>. 2026, Vol. 66 Issue 8, p1-15. 15p. – Name: Abstract Label: Abstract Group: Ab Data: Ballooning mode saturation is investigated in realistic stellarator configurations using the flux tube approach of Ham et al (2018 Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion 60 075017), Ham et al (2016 Phys. Rev. Lett. 116 235001). The method is adapted to account for the lack of exact force balance in stellarator equilibrium solvers that assume existence of nested flux surfaces. A variational approach for calculating flux tube energy is developed to overcome this force error problem in stellarator numerical equilibria. Saturated (equilibrium) flux tube states that cross 10%–20% of the plasma minor radius are shown to exist for linearly ballooning unstable profiles. It is shown that several features of the displaced flux tube structure in a full nonlinear MHD simulation of Wendelstein 7X are reproduced by our model. Saturated states are found in a compact stellarator equilibrium close but below the marginal ballooning linear instability, i.e. the unperturbed equilibrium is metastable. This suggests that edge-localized-mode-like explosive MHD behavior may be possible in stellarators. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] – Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright Label: Group: Ab Data: <i>Copyright of Nuclear Fusion is the property of IOP Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) |
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| RecordInfo | BibRecord: BibEntity: Identifiers: – Type: doi Value: 10.1088/1741-4326/ae7983 Languages: – Code: eng Text: English PhysicalDescription: Pagination: PageCount: 15 StartPage: 1 Titles: – TitleFull: Nonlinear saturation of ballooning modes in stellarators. Type: main BibRelationships: HasContributorRelationships: – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Chu, X. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Cowley, S.C. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Ferraro, N. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Zhou, Y. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Parra, F.I. IsPartOfRelationships: – BibEntity: Dates: – D: 01 M: 08 Text: 2026 Type: published Y: 2026 Identifiers: – Type: issn-print Value: 00295515 Numbering: – Type: volume Value: 66 – Type: issue Value: 8 Titles: – TitleFull: Nuclear Fusion Type: main |
| ResultId | 1 |
