View in EDS

Polar-Turbo Concatenated Coding Scheme with NOMA in 6G Networks.

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Title: Polar-Turbo Concatenated Coding Scheme with NOMA in 6G Networks.
Authors: Pathak, Pooja1,2 (AUTHOR) pooja2281@gmail.com, Bhatia, Richa3 (AUTHOR) richatimes@gmail.com
Source: Wireless Personal Communications. Jul2026, Vol. 146 Issue 7, p4641-4668. 28p.
Subjects: 6G networks, Channel coding, Bit error rate, Broadband communication systems, Radio transmitter fading, Error-correcting codes, Multiple access protocols (Computer network protocols), Turbo codes
Abstract: The sixth-generation (6G) wireless communication is expected to deliver ultra-reliable low-latency communication (URLLC), high throughput, and energy sustainability. Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) has been identified as one of the most important multiple-access schemes for 6G because of its promise to simultaneously serve several users, together with much higher spectral efficiency. On the other hand, channel coding is still essential in meeting reliability and capacity constraints. This paper proposes a concatenated coding named Polar-Turbo Concatenated Coding Scheme (PTCC) tailored for NOMA-based 6G networks. By serially concatenating a polar code as an outer encoder with a turbo code as the inner encoder, the proposed system leverages the capacity-achieving potential of polar codes along with the strong iterative error correction capability of turbo codes. Simulation results under various block lengths and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) conditions demonstrate that the proposed coding scheme significantly reduces Bit Error Rate (BER) and Frame Error Rate (FER). The system is evaluated for both 2-user and 3- user PD-NOMA scenarios over AWGN, Rayleigh, and Rician fading channels. For instance, at N = 512, BER drops to 2.00 × 10− 6 and FER to 4.00 × 10− 5 at 8 dB, outperforming smaller block lengths when used for 2-user PD-NOMA. Similar improvement in BER is observed for N = 2048, 4096, 8192 when tested for 3-user PD-NOMA. Additionally, throughput evaluations confirm the scheme's suitability for high-data-rate scenarios, with all three users reaching nearly 1 Gbps for N = 8192, in a power-allocated NOMA setting. Moreover, the performance of Symbol Error Rate (SER) based on 16-QAM modulation over Rayleigh and Rician fading channels shows that the proposed approach continues to be reliable even in real wireless environmental conditions. The results confirm that the proposed scheme structure provides a balance between reliability and computational complexity and presents a good candidate for forward error correction in future 6G communication systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Wireless Personal Communications is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Engineering Source
FullText Text:
  Availability: 0
Header DbId: egs
DbLabel: Engineering Source
An: 195524013
AccessLevel: 6
PubType: Academic Journal
PubTypeId: academicJournal
PreciseRelevancyScore: 0
IllustrationInfo
Items – Name: Title
  Label: Title
  Group: Ti
  Data: Polar-Turbo Concatenated Coding Scheme with NOMA in 6G Networks.
– Name: Author
  Label: Authors
  Group: Au
  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Pathak%2C+Pooja%22">Pathak, Pooja</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> pooja2281@gmail.com</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Bhatia%2C+Richa%22">Bhatia, Richa</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> richatimes@gmail.com</i>
– Name: TitleSource
  Label: Source
  Group: Src
  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Wireless+Personal+Communications%22">Wireless Personal Communications</searchLink>. Jul2026, Vol. 146 Issue 7, p4641-4668. 28p.
– Name: Subject
  Label: Subjects
  Group: Su
  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%226G+networks%22">6G networks</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Channel+coding%22">Channel coding</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Bit+error+rate%22">Bit error rate</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Broadband+communication+systems%22">Broadband communication systems</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Radio+transmitter+fading%22">Radio transmitter fading</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Error-correcting+codes%22">Error-correcting codes</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Multiple+access+protocols+%28Computer+network+protocols%29%22">Multiple access protocols (Computer network protocols)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Turbo+codes%22">Turbo codes</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: The sixth-generation (6G) wireless communication is expected to deliver ultra-reliable low-latency communication (URLLC), high throughput, and energy sustainability. Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) has been identified as one of the most important multiple-access schemes for 6G because of its promise to simultaneously serve several users, together with much higher spectral efficiency. On the other hand, channel coding is still essential in meeting reliability and capacity constraints. This paper proposes a concatenated coding named Polar-Turbo Concatenated Coding Scheme (PTCC) tailored for NOMA-based 6G networks. By serially concatenating a polar code as an outer encoder with a turbo code as the inner encoder, the proposed system leverages the capacity-achieving potential of polar codes along with the strong iterative error correction capability of turbo codes. Simulation results under various block lengths and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) conditions demonstrate that the proposed coding scheme significantly reduces Bit Error Rate (BER) and Frame Error Rate (FER). The system is evaluated for both 2-user and 3- user PD-NOMA scenarios over AWGN, Rayleigh, and Rician fading channels. For instance, at N = 512, BER drops to 2.00 × 10− 6 and FER to 4.00 × 10− 5 at 8 dB, outperforming smaller block lengths when used for 2-user PD-NOMA. Similar improvement in BER is observed for N = 2048, 4096, 8192 when tested for 3-user PD-NOMA. Additionally, throughput evaluations confirm the scheme's suitability for high-data-rate scenarios, with all three users reaching nearly 1 Gbps for N = 8192, in a power-allocated NOMA setting. Moreover, the performance of Symbol Error Rate (SER) based on 16-QAM modulation over Rayleigh and Rician fading channels shows that the proposed approach continues to be reliable even in real wireless environmental conditions. The results confirm that the proposed scheme structure provides a balance between reliability and computational complexity and presents a good candidate for forward error correction in future 6G communication systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Wireless Personal Communications is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
PLink https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&db=egs&AN=195524013
RecordInfo BibRecord:
  BibEntity:
    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1007/s11277-026-12152-8
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 28
        StartPage: 4641
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: 6G networks
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Channel coding
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Bit error rate
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Broadband communication systems
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Radio transmitter fading
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Error-correcting codes
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Multiple access protocols (Computer network protocols)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Turbo codes
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Polar-Turbo Concatenated Coding Scheme with NOMA in 6G Networks.
        Type: main
  BibRelationships:
    HasContributorRelationships:
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Pathak, Pooja
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Bhatia, Richa
    IsPartOfRelationships:
      – BibEntity:
          Dates:
            – D: 01
              M: 07
              Text: Jul2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
          Identifiers:
            – Type: issn-print
              Value: 09296212
          Numbering:
            – Type: volume
              Value: 146
            – Type: issue
              Value: 7
          Titles:
            – TitleFull: Wireless Personal Communications
              Type: main
ResultId 1