Load Frequency Regulation of Renewable-Integrated Power System Using Novel Fractional and Degree of Freedom-Based Controller with Real-Time Validation.
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| Title: | Load Frequency Regulation of Renewable-Integrated Power System Using Novel Fractional and Degree of Freedom-Based Controller with Real-Time Validation. |
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| Authors: | Amarendra, Kona1 (AUTHOR), Teeparthi, Kiran1,2 (AUTHOR) muralisai333@gmail.com, Sariki, Murali1,3 (AUTHOR), Pavan Kumar, Yellapragada Venkata2,4 (AUTHOR), D.M., Vinod Kumar1,3 (AUTHOR), Mallipeddi, Rammohan2,4 (AUTHOR) mallipeddi@knu.ac.kr |
| Source: | Energies (19961073). Jul2026, Vol. 19 Issue 14, p3401. 27p. |
| Subjects: | PID controllers, Electric power system stability, Metaheuristic algorithms, Hardware-in-the-loop simulation, Feedback control systems, Clean energy, Energy storage |
| Abstract: | Microgrid integration introduces fast, stochastic disturbances that challenge frequency stability. This paper presents a two-degree-of-freedom fractional-order proportional tilt integral derivative plus one controller (2DOF-FOPTID+1) tuned with a Modified Walrus Optimization Algorithm (MWA) to mitigate frequency deviations while preserving tracking performance. The novelty lies in jointly deploying a 2DOF-FOPTID+1 structure for decoupled tracking and regulation, an MWA-based tuning strategy tailored for resilient frequency control, and the explicit use of aggregated electric vehicles as fast distributed storage to damp frequency and tie-line power excursions; hardware-in-the-loop validation using an OPAL-RT platform is included to demonstrate practical feasibility. The controller is evaluated under step and random load variations, and robustness is examined for ± 25 % parameter perturbations and stochastic renewable inputs. Compared with the strong baselines PID, FOPID, 2DOF-PID, and FOPTID, the proposed approach reduces settling time by up to 39.27% and lowers peak-to-peak frequency deviation by about 20.88% under these operating scenarios, indicating a practical and effective solution for enhancing frequency resilience in microgrid-integrated power systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
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| Database: | Engineering Source |
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