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Inhalation Exposure to Isocyanates of Car Body Repair Shop Workers and Industrial Spray Painters.

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Title: Inhalation Exposure to Isocyanates of Car Body Repair Shop Workers and Industrial Spray Painters.
Authors: PRONK, ANJOEKA1,2 Pronk@chemie.tno.nl, TIELEMANS, ERIK1, SKARPING, GUNNAR3, BOBELDIJK, IVANA4, VAN HEMMEN, JOOP1, HEEDERIK, DICK3, PRELLER, LIESBETH1
Source: Annals of Occupational Hygiene. Jan2006, Vol. 50 Issue 1, p1-14. 14p.
Subjects: Coating processes, Automotive engineering, Atomization, House painting, Industrial laws & legislation, Aromatic compounds, Sealing (Technology), Organic cyclic compounds, Cyclobutarenes
Abstract: As part of a large-scale epidemiological study, occupational isocyanate exposure was assessed in spray-painting environments. The aim was to assess which compounds contribute to isocyanate exposure in car body repair shops and industrial painting companies, and to identify tasks with high risk of isocyanate exposure. Mainly personal task-based samples (n = 566) were collected from 24 car body repair shops and five industrial painting companies using impingers with DBA in toluene. Samples were analysed by LC-MS for isocyanate monomers, oligomers and products of thermal degradation. From the 23 analysed compounds, 20 were detected. Exploratory factor analysis resulted in a HDI, TDI and MDI factor with the thermal degradation products divided over the TDI and MDI factors. The HDI factor mainly consisted of HDI oligomers and was dominant in frequency and exposure levels in both industries. Spray painting of PU lacquers resulted in the highest exposures for the HDI factor (
Copyright of Annals of Occupational Hygiene is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Inhalation Exposure to Isocyanates of Car Body Repair Shop Workers and Industrial Spray Painters.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22PRONK%2C+ANJOEKA%22">PRONK, ANJOEKA</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo><i> Pronk@chemie.tno.nl</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22TIELEMANS%2C+ERIK%22">TIELEMANS, ERIK</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22SKARPING%2C+GUNNAR%22">SKARPING, GUNNAR</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22BOBELDIJK%2C+IVANA%22">BOBELDIJK, IVANA</searchLink><relatesTo>4</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22VAN+HEMMEN%2C+JOOP%22">VAN HEMMEN, JOOP</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22HEEDERIK%2C+DICK%22">HEEDERIK, DICK</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22PRELLER%2C+LIESBETH%22">PRELLER, LIESBETH</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Annals+of+Occupational+Hygiene%22">Annals of Occupational Hygiene</searchLink>. Jan2006, Vol. 50 Issue 1, p1-14. 14p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Coating+processes%22">Coating processes</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Automotive+engineering%22">Automotive engineering</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Atomization%22">Atomization</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22House+painting%22">House painting</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Industrial+laws+%26+legislation%22">Industrial laws & legislation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Aromatic+compounds%22">Aromatic compounds</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Sealing+%28Technology%29%22">Sealing (Technology)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Organic+cyclic+compounds%22">Organic cyclic compounds</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cyclobutarenes%22">Cyclobutarenes</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: As part of a large-scale epidemiological study, occupational isocyanate exposure was assessed in spray-painting environments. The aim was to assess which compounds contribute to isocyanate exposure in car body repair shops and industrial painting companies, and to identify tasks with high risk of isocyanate exposure. Mainly personal task-based samples (n = 566) were collected from 24 car body repair shops and five industrial painting companies using impingers with DBA in toluene. Samples were analysed by LC-MS for isocyanate monomers, oligomers and products of thermal degradation. From the 23 analysed compounds, 20 were detected. Exploratory factor analysis resulted in a HDI, TDI and MDI factor with the thermal degradation products divided over the TDI and MDI factors. The HDI factor mainly consisted of HDI oligomers and was dominant in frequency and exposure levels in both industries. Spray painting of PU lacquers resulted in the highest exposures for the HDI factor (<LOD–2643 μg/m3 NCO), with no significant difference between the industries. Exposure variability during PU spray painting was large with a variability over time of wwS2 = 9.1 compared with between-worker variability of bwS2 = 1.6. Lower level exposure to the HDI factor was found during other painting-related tasks and even tasks without direct exposure to paint. Exposure to the TDI factor was found more regularly in car body repair shops than in industrial painting companies. Exposure levels were low (<LOD–5 μg/m3 NCO) compared with the HDI factor and no clear contrast in levels between the tasks was observed. Exposure to the MDI factor was found incidentally during spraying and welding in car body repair shops (<LOD–0.5 μg/m3 NCO). The results indicate that paint is the most important source and major contributor of isocyanate exposure in both industries with highest exposures during PU spraying. However, since respiratory protection is less extensively used during other tasks, lower level exposure during these other tasks may significantly contribute to the internal dose. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Annals of Occupational Hygiene is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
  BibEntity:
    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1093/annhyg/mei044
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 14
        StartPage: 1
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Coating processes
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Automotive engineering
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Atomization
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: House painting
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Industrial laws & legislation
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Aromatic compounds
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Sealing (Technology)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Organic cyclic compounds
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Cyclobutarenes
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Inhalation Exposure to Isocyanates of Car Body Repair Shop Workers and Industrial Spray Painters.
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            NameFull: TIELEMANS, ERIK
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            NameFull: SKARPING, GUNNAR
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            NameFull: BOBELDIJK, IVANA
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            NameFull: VAN HEMMEN, JOOP
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            NameFull: HEEDERIK, DICK
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            NameFull: PRELLER, LIESBETH
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            – D: 01
              M: 01
              Text: Jan2006
              Type: published
              Y: 2006
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            – TitleFull: Annals of Occupational Hygiene
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