Associations between county-level racial attitude bias and disparities in Advanced Placement participation.
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| Title: | Associations between county-level racial attitude bias and disparities in Advanced Placement participation. |
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| Authors: | Park, Yeji1 yejp@princeton.edu, Riddle, Travis1, Sinclair, Stacey1 |
| Source: | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 8/18/2026, Vol. 123 Issue 33, p1-8. 27p. |
| Subjects: | Advanced placement programs (Education), Implicit bias, Educational equalization, Academic achievement, Racial inequality |
| Geographic Terms: | United States |
| Abstract: | While much attention has been paid to racial disparities in basic academic attainment, relatively less attention is given to racial disparities in excellence--participation in and performance within opportunities to develop and demonstrate high achievement. The present research investigates how racial attitude bias relates to disparities in participation in the Advanced Placement (AP) program, a paradigmatic opportunity for excellence in the US education system. We examined whether regional racial attitude biases are associated with Black-White AP participation disparities by combining implicit and explicit pro-White/anti-Black bias measures from Project Implicit with AP participation data from the Civil Rights Data Collection. County-level implicit and explicit racial biases--among White residents overall, and White teachers specifically--were consistently and positively associated with Black-White disparities in AP course enrollment, but this was not the case for AP exam taking and passing. Importantly, the relationships between racial attitude bias and enrollment disparities remained after accounting for disparities in AP access and academic achievement prior to high school. These findings highlight the importance of identifying additional processes through which community members' racial attitude biases may deter Black students from participating in the AP program and other opportunities for excellence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Copyright of Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America is the property of National Academy of Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) | |
| Database: | Engineering Source |
| FullText | Text: Availability: 0 |
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| Header | DbId: egs DbLabel: Engineering Source An: 196558194 AccessLevel: 6 PubType: Academic Journal PubTypeId: academicJournal PreciseRelevancyScore: 0 |
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| RecordInfo | BibRecord: BibEntity: Identifiers: – Type: doi Value: 10.1073/pnas.2512555123 Languages: – Code: eng Text: English PhysicalDescription: Pagination: PageCount: 27 StartPage: 1 Subjects: – SubjectFull: Advanced placement programs (Education) Type: general – SubjectFull: Implicit bias Type: general – SubjectFull: Educational equalization Type: general – SubjectFull: Academic achievement Type: general – SubjectFull: Racial inequality Type: general – SubjectFull: United States Type: general Titles: – TitleFull: Associations between county-level racial attitude bias and disparities in Advanced Placement participation. Type: main BibRelationships: HasContributorRelationships: – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Park, Yeji – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Riddle, Travis – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Sinclair, Stacey IsPartOfRelationships: – BibEntity: Dates: – D: 18 M: 08 Text: 8/18/2026 Type: published Y: 2026 Identifiers: – Type: issn-print Value: 00278424 Numbering: – Type: volume Value: 123 – Type: issue Value: 33 Titles: – TitleFull: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America Type: main |
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