Adaptive Error-Mitigation Frameworks for NISQ-Era Post-Quantum Cryptographic Optimization.
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| Title: | Adaptive Error-Mitigation Frameworks for NISQ-Era Post-Quantum Cryptographic Optimization. |
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| Authors: | Verma, Pushpendra Kumar1,2 pushpendra_socsa@iimtindia.net, Gupta, Sandeep1,2, Nyamasvisva, Tadiwa Elisha1 |
| Source: | International Journal of Performability Engineering. Aug2026, Vol. 22 Issue 8, p427-439. 13p. |
| Subjects: | Quantum computing, Cryptography, Reinforcement learning, Noise measurement, Quantum computers, Fault tolerance (Engineering) |
| Abstract: | Prior to the advent of fault tolerant quantum computers, the ability to execute post quantum cryptographic (PQC) algorithms on noisy intermediate scale quantum (NISQ) devices is crucial to evaluate their security and performance. However, time-varying errors in the gates and measurements not mitigated by static means can compromise cryptographic security, resulting in unacceptably high decapsulation failure rates. This paper presents an adaptive error mitigation framework FF that involves an online noise estimation algorithm, a reinforcement learning agent and a library of mitigation actions such as readout error inversion, probabilistic error cancellation, Clifford assisted transformation, dynamical decoupling, zero noise extrapolation, and qubit remapping. The framework is dynamic and selects optimal actions based on real-time estimates of noise to minimize the total variation distance (TVD) subject to gate overhead and latency constraints. We benchmark FF across three NISQ devices: IBM Brisbane, Rigetti Aspen M 3, and IonQ harmony on the circuits Kyber 512, Dilithium 2 and SPHINCS+ 128f. The adaptive framework improves the TVD by 44-51% when compared to the best static method and 78- 83% when compared to no mitigation. Most importantly, only the adaptive framework guarantees Kyber 512's decapsulation failure probability to be below the 2−128 security threshold on all devices, whereas static methods are found to be above the bound because of the unmodeled noise drift. Gate overhead is kept within 20% and classical latency under 50ms per slice. These results demonstrate that adaptive, learning-driven error mitigation is not merely beneficial, but necessary for provably secure PQC execution on NISQ hardware. The framework and benchmark suite are released open-source to accelerate reproducible research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Copyright of International Journal of Performability Engineering is the property of Totem Publisher, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) | |
| Database: | Engineering Source |
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| Items | – Name: Title Label: Title Group: Ti Data: Adaptive Error-Mitigation Frameworks for NISQ-Era Post-Quantum Cryptographic Optimization. – Name: Author Label: Authors Group: Au Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Verma%2C+Pushpendra+Kumar%22">Verma, Pushpendra Kumar</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo><i> pushpendra_socsa@iimtindia.net</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Gupta%2C+Sandeep%22">Gupta, Sandeep</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Nyamasvisva%2C+Tadiwa+Elisha%22">Nyamasvisva, Tadiwa Elisha</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> – Name: TitleSource Label: Source Group: Src Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22International+Journal+of+Performability+Engineering%22">International Journal of Performability Engineering</searchLink>. Aug2026, Vol. 22 Issue 8, p427-439. 13p. – Name: Subject Label: Subjects Group: Su Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Quantum+computing%22">Quantum computing</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cryptography%22">Cryptography</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Reinforcement+learning%22">Reinforcement learning</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Noise+measurement%22">Noise measurement</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Quantum+computers%22">Quantum computers</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Fault+tolerance+%28Engineering%29%22">Fault tolerance (Engineering)</searchLink> – Name: Abstract Label: Abstract Group: Ab Data: Prior to the advent of fault tolerant quantum computers, the ability to execute post quantum cryptographic (PQC) algorithms on noisy intermediate scale quantum (NISQ) devices is crucial to evaluate their security and performance. However, time-varying errors in the gates and measurements not mitigated by static means can compromise cryptographic security, resulting in unacceptably high decapsulation failure rates. This paper presents an adaptive error mitigation framework FF that involves an online noise estimation algorithm, a reinforcement learning agent and a library of mitigation actions such as readout error inversion, probabilistic error cancellation, Clifford assisted transformation, dynamical decoupling, zero noise extrapolation, and qubit remapping. The framework is dynamic and selects optimal actions based on real-time estimates of noise to minimize the total variation distance (TVD) subject to gate overhead and latency constraints. We benchmark FF across three NISQ devices: IBM Brisbane, Rigetti Aspen M 3, and IonQ harmony on the circuits Kyber 512, Dilithium 2 and SPHINCS+ 128f. The adaptive framework improves the TVD by 44-51% when compared to the best static method and 78- 83% when compared to no mitigation. Most importantly, only the adaptive framework guarantees Kyber 512's decapsulation failure probability to be below the 2−128 security threshold on all devices, whereas static methods are found to be above the bound because of the unmodeled noise drift. Gate overhead is kept within 20% and classical latency under 50ms per slice. These results demonstrate that adaptive, learning-driven error mitigation is not merely beneficial, but necessary for provably secure PQC execution on NISQ hardware. The framework and benchmark suite are released open-source to accelerate reproducible research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] – Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright Label: Group: Ab Data: <i>Copyright of International Journal of Performability Engineering is the property of Totem Publisher, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) |
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| RecordInfo | BibRecord: BibEntity: Identifiers: – Type: doi Value: 10.23940/ijpe.26.08.p1.427439 Languages: – Code: eng Text: English PhysicalDescription: Pagination: PageCount: 13 StartPage: 427 Subjects: – SubjectFull: Quantum computing Type: general – SubjectFull: Cryptography Type: general – SubjectFull: Reinforcement learning Type: general – SubjectFull: Noise measurement Type: general – SubjectFull: Quantum computers Type: general – SubjectFull: Fault tolerance (Engineering) Type: general Titles: – TitleFull: Adaptive Error-Mitigation Frameworks for NISQ-Era Post-Quantum Cryptographic Optimization. Type: main BibRelationships: HasContributorRelationships: – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Verma, Pushpendra Kumar – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Gupta, Sandeep – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Nyamasvisva, Tadiwa Elisha IsPartOfRelationships: – BibEntity: Dates: – D: 01 M: 08 Text: Aug2026 Type: published Y: 2026 Identifiers: – Type: issn-print Value: 09731318 Numbering: – Type: volume Value: 22 – Type: issue Value: 8 Titles: – TitleFull: International Journal of Performability Engineering Type: main |
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