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Deformation of Quenched and Tempered Low-Carbon Steel: Part I—Quasi-Static Behavior.

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Title: Deformation of Quenched and Tempered Low-Carbon Steel: Part I—Quasi-Static Behavior.
Authors: Wanni, Janith1 (AUTHOR) janith@lanl.gov, Adkins, Charlie1 (AUTHOR), Rasmussen, Raymand2 (AUTHOR), Kareem, Muthanna3 (AUTHOR), Clausen, Bjørn4 (AUTHOR), Kvit, Alex1 (AUTHOR), Ma, Tao5 (AUTHOR), Schreiber, Dan K.6 (AUTHOR), Yano, Kayla H.6 (AUTHOR), El Atwani, Osman6 (AUTHOR), Knezevic, Marko3 (AUTHOR), Bronkhorst, Curt A.1,2 (AUTHOR), Thoma, Dan J.1,2 (AUTHOR)
Source: Metallurgical & Materials Transactions. Part A. Oct2026, Vol. 57 Issue 10, p4545-4567. 23p.
Subjects: Martensite, Dislocation density, Microstructure, Strain hardening, Deformations (Mechanics), Mild steel
Abstract: This study investigates the quasi-static deformation behavior of hot-rolled, quenched, and tempered low-carbon steel containing 0.23 wt pct C and 1.2 wt pct Mn. The as-received microstructure consists of lath martensite with weak crystallographic texture, elongated martensitic blocks, and a high initial dislocation density. The steel yields at approximately 1.2 GPa and exhibits limited work hardening in both tension and compression. EBSD measurements show progressive geometrically necessary dislocation accumulation and boundary misorientation evolution with strain, whereas X-ray diffraction on interrupted specimens and in situ neutron diffraction indicate that the volume-averaged total dislocation density remains nearly constant, on the order of 1015 m–2. Strain-gradient crystal plasticity finite element simulations reproduce the measured stress–strain response and texture evolution while predicting boundary-localized GND accumulation. These results indicate that plastic deformation is accommodated primarily by compatibility-driven GND localization and dislocation redistribution/recovery within an initially dislocation-rich martensitic hierarchy, rather than by continued bulk dislocation multiplication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Metallurgical & Materials Transactions. Part A is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Engineering Source
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DbLabel: Engineering Source
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PubType: Academic Journal
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  Data: Deformation of Quenched and Tempered Low-Carbon Steel: Part I—Quasi-Static Behavior.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wanni%2C+Janith%22">Wanni, Janith</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> janith@lanl.gov</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Adkins%2C+Charlie%22">Adkins, Charlie</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Rasmussen%2C+Raymand%22">Rasmussen, Raymand</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kareem%2C+Muthanna%22">Kareem, Muthanna</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Clausen%2C+Bjørn%22">Clausen, Bjørn</searchLink><relatesTo>4</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kvit%2C+Alex%22">Kvit, Alex</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ma%2C+Tao%22">Ma, Tao</searchLink><relatesTo>5</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Schreiber%2C+Dan+K%2E%22">Schreiber, Dan K.</searchLink><relatesTo>6</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Yano%2C+Kayla+H%2E%22">Yano, Kayla H.</searchLink><relatesTo>6</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22El+Atwani%2C+Osman%22">El Atwani, Osman</searchLink><relatesTo>6</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Knezevic%2C+Marko%22">Knezevic, Marko</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Bronkhorst%2C+Curt+A%2E%22">Bronkhorst, Curt A.</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Thoma%2C+Dan+J%2E%22">Thoma, Dan J.</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Metallurgical+%26+Materials+Transactions%2E+Part+A%22">Metallurgical & Materials Transactions. Part A</searchLink>. Oct2026, Vol. 57 Issue 10, p4545-4567. 23p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Martensite%22">Martensite</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Dislocation+density%22">Dislocation density</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Microstructure%22">Microstructure</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Strain+hardening%22">Strain hardening</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Deformations+%28Mechanics%29%22">Deformations (Mechanics)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mild+steel%22">Mild steel</searchLink>
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  Data: This study investigates the quasi-static deformation behavior of hot-rolled, quenched, and tempered low-carbon steel containing 0.23 wt pct C and 1.2 wt pct Mn. The as-received microstructure consists of lath martensite with weak crystallographic texture, elongated martensitic blocks, and a high initial dislocation density. The steel yields at approximately 1.2 GPa and exhibits limited work hardening in both tension and compression. EBSD measurements show progressive geometrically necessary dislocation accumulation and boundary misorientation evolution with strain, whereas X-ray diffraction on interrupted specimens and in situ neutron diffraction indicate that the volume-averaged total dislocation density remains nearly constant, on the order of 1015 m–2. Strain-gradient crystal plasticity finite element simulations reproduce the measured stress–strain response and texture evolution while predicting boundary-localized GND accumulation. These results indicate that plastic deformation is accommodated primarily by compatibility-driven GND localization and dislocation redistribution/recovery within an initially dislocation-rich martensitic hierarchy, rather than by continued bulk dislocation multiplication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Metallurgical & Materials Transactions. Part A is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
PLink https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&db=egs&AN=196992745
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      – SubjectFull: Martensite
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Dislocation density
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      – SubjectFull: Microstructure
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