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Evaluation of Microstructural Evolution and Tensile Behavior in Tempered Martensitic and Annealed Cold-Rolled Martensitic Steels.

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Title: Evaluation of Microstructural Evolution and Tensile Behavior in Tempered Martensitic and Annealed Cold-Rolled Martensitic Steels.
Authors: Ogawa, Toshio1 (AUTHOR) ogawa.toshio@aitech.ac.jp, Kitagawa, Yuta1 (AUTHOR), Kinoshita, Yu1 (AUTHOR), Dannoshita, Hiroyuki2 (AUTHOR)
Source: Journal of Materials Engineering & Performance. Sep2026, Vol. 35 Issue 35, p36594-36601. 8p.
Subjects: Dislocation density, Recrystallization (Metallurgy), Martensite, Steel, Dislocation structure, Tensile tests
Abstract: The microstructural evolution and tensile properties of tempered martensite (TM) and annealed cold-rolled martensite (AM) steels with comparable hardness levels were examined to clarify the origins of their differing tensile behaviors. A low-carbon steel was quenched and then subjected either to tempering or to cold rolling followed by annealing, producing TM and AM steels with Vickers hardness values ranging from approximately 170 to 350 Hv. Microstructures were characterized using optical microscopy, tensile properties were evaluated through tensile testing, and dislocation substructures were quantitatively analyzed by x-ray line profile analysis. No recrystallization occurred in the TM steel even after long-term tempering, whereas recrystallization readily occurred in the AM steel during short-term annealing. Thus, the TM steel retained a lath-like ferrite grain morphology, while the AM steel developed fine, equiaxed recrystallized ferrite grains. Across all hardness levels, the TM steel exhibited higher tensile strength, whereas the AM steel showed greater total elongation. x-ray line profile analysis revealed that, at high hardness levels, the TM steel contained a high density of randomly distributed dislocations, while the AM steel exhibited a lower dislocation density accompanied by strong dislocation interactions. Differences in uniform and local elongation between the TM and AM steels varied with hardness level. These differences in tensile properties are attributed to variations in dislocation density and ferrite grain morphology arising from distinct recovery and recrystallization processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Journal of Materials Engineering & Performance is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Engineering Source
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Header DbId: egs
DbLabel: Engineering Source
An: 197374306
AccessLevel: 6
PubType: Academic Journal
PubTypeId: academicJournal
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  Data: Evaluation of Microstructural Evolution and Tensile Behavior in Tempered Martensitic and Annealed Cold-Rolled Martensitic Steels.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ogawa%2C+Toshio%22">Ogawa, Toshio</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> ogawa.toshio@aitech.ac.jp</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kitagawa%2C+Yuta%22">Kitagawa, Yuta</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kinoshita%2C+Yu%22">Kinoshita, Yu</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Dannoshita%2C+Hiroyuki%22">Dannoshita, Hiroyuki</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+Materials+Engineering+%26+Performance%22">Journal of Materials Engineering & Performance</searchLink>. Sep2026, Vol. 35 Issue 35, p36594-36601. 8p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Dislocation+density%22">Dislocation density</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Recrystallization+%28Metallurgy%29%22">Recrystallization (Metallurgy)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Martensite%22">Martensite</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Steel%22">Steel</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Dislocation+structure%22">Dislocation structure</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Tensile+tests%22">Tensile tests</searchLink>
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  Label: Abstract
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  Data: The microstructural evolution and tensile properties of tempered martensite (TM) and annealed cold-rolled martensite (AM) steels with comparable hardness levels were examined to clarify the origins of their differing tensile behaviors. A low-carbon steel was quenched and then subjected either to tempering or to cold rolling followed by annealing, producing TM and AM steels with Vickers hardness values ranging from approximately 170 to 350 Hv. Microstructures were characterized using optical microscopy, tensile properties were evaluated through tensile testing, and dislocation substructures were quantitatively analyzed by x-ray line profile analysis. No recrystallization occurred in the TM steel even after long-term tempering, whereas recrystallization readily occurred in the AM steel during short-term annealing. Thus, the TM steel retained a lath-like ferrite grain morphology, while the AM steel developed fine, equiaxed recrystallized ferrite grains. Across all hardness levels, the TM steel exhibited higher tensile strength, whereas the AM steel showed greater total elongation. x-ray line profile analysis revealed that, at high hardness levels, the TM steel contained a high density of randomly distributed dislocations, while the AM steel exhibited a lower dislocation density accompanied by strong dislocation interactions. Differences in uniform and local elongation between the TM and AM steels varied with hardness level. These differences in tensile properties are attributed to variations in dislocation density and ferrite grain morphology arising from distinct recovery and recrystallization processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Materials Engineering & Performance is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1007/s11665-026-14411-y
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 8
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      – SubjectFull: Dislocation density
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Recrystallization (Metallurgy)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Martensite
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      – SubjectFull: Steel
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      – SubjectFull: Dislocation structure
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      – SubjectFull: Tensile tests
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      – TitleFull: Evaluation of Microstructural Evolution and Tensile Behavior in Tempered Martensitic and Annealed Cold-Rolled Martensitic Steels.
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            NameFull: Kitagawa, Yuta
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            – D: 25
              M: 09
              Text: Sep2026
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              Y: 2026
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