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Kinematics of the Haiyuan Fault (Northwest China) Prior to the 2022 Menyuan Mw 6.7 Earthquake.

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Title: Kinematics of the Haiyuan Fault (Northwest China) Prior to the 2022 Menyuan Mw 6.7 Earthquake.
Authors: Wu, Wenqiang1 (AUTHOR), Yu, Jiaoyang2 (AUTHOR) yujiaoyang@ieecas.cn
Source: Remote Sensing. Sep2026, Vol. 18 Issue 18, p3232. 16p.
Subjects: Global Positioning System, Radar interferometry, Strain rate, Earthquake prediction, Geologic faults, Strains & stresses (Mechanics), Earthquake hazard analysis
Geographic Terms: China
Abstract: Highlights: What are the main findings? The average deformation rates along the Haiyuan Fault are ranged from 5 to 8 mm/yr. Before the 2022 Menyuan Mw 6.7 earthquake, the Haiyuan Fault is partly locked, with a slip deficit ranging from 3.1 to 5.6 mm/yr and a moment magnitude ranging from Mw 6.49 to Mw 6.75. What are the implications of the main finding? Combining GNSS and InSAR for fault inversion can improve the spatial resolution of the data, provide more comprehensive deformation information, and enhance model reliability through dual constraints. Research on pre-earthquake faults helps in understanding fault activity and stress transfer mechanisms, providing a reference for earthquake risk assessment. Menyuan, China, experienced a Mw 6.7 earthquake on 8 January 2022. This study combines GNSS and InSAR data to analyze how fault activity affects earthquake hazard assessment through fault inversion. A time-dependent version of DEFNODE (TDEFNODE) is developed to calculate fault locking and slip deficit through GNSS data and Persistent Scatterer Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (PS-InSAR)-processed Sentinel-1A data. The findings reveal that Haiyuan Fault is strongly locked before the earthquake, with a locking depth of around 30 km and a slip deficit rate between 3.1 mm/yr and 5.6 mm/yr. Meanwhile, the cumulative seismic moments correspond to moment magnitudes ranging from Mw 6.49 to Mw 6.75, which are highly consistent with the actual Menyuan earthquake. This indicates that fault locking and slip deficit provide a reference for quantitatively assessing the characteristics of pre-seismic activity. Although the seismic moments derived from different datasets vary from 6.10 × 1018 to 1.50 × 1019 N·m, the key parameters determined by TDEFNODE inversion are generally consistent with the actual focal mechanisms. Therefore, results show that a comprehensive analysis of fault inversion can provide important insights into the formation process of earthquakes and help assess regional earthquake risk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Remote Sensing is the property of MDPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Kinematics of the Haiyuan Fault (Northwest China) Prior to the 2022 Menyuan Mw 6.7 Earthquake.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wu%2C+Wenqiang%22">Wu, Wenqiang</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Yu%2C+Jiaoyang%22">Yu, Jiaoyang</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> yujiaoyang@ieecas.cn</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Remote+Sensing%22">Remote Sensing</searchLink>. Sep2026, Vol. 18 Issue 18, p3232. 16p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Global+Positioning+System%22">Global Positioning System</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Radar+interferometry%22">Radar interferometry</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Strain+rate%22">Strain rate</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Earthquake+prediction%22">Earthquake prediction</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Geologic+faults%22">Geologic faults</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Strains+%26+stresses+%28Mechanics%29%22">Strains & stresses (Mechanics)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Earthquake+hazard+analysis%22">Earthquake hazard analysis</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22China%22">China</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
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  Data: Highlights: What are the main findings? The average deformation rates along the Haiyuan Fault are ranged from 5 to 8 mm/yr. Before the 2022 Menyuan Mw 6.7 earthquake, the Haiyuan Fault is partly locked, with a slip deficit ranging from 3.1 to 5.6 mm/yr and a moment magnitude ranging from Mw 6.49 to Mw 6.75. What are the implications of the main finding? Combining GNSS and InSAR for fault inversion can improve the spatial resolution of the data, provide more comprehensive deformation information, and enhance model reliability through dual constraints. Research on pre-earthquake faults helps in understanding fault activity and stress transfer mechanisms, providing a reference for earthquake risk assessment. Menyuan, China, experienced a Mw 6.7 earthquake on 8 January 2022. This study combines GNSS and InSAR data to analyze how fault activity affects earthquake hazard assessment through fault inversion. A time-dependent version of DEFNODE (TDEFNODE) is developed to calculate fault locking and slip deficit through GNSS data and Persistent Scatterer Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (PS-InSAR)-processed Sentinel-1A data. The findings reveal that Haiyuan Fault is strongly locked before the earthquake, with a locking depth of around 30 km and a slip deficit rate between 3.1 mm/yr and 5.6 mm/yr. Meanwhile, the cumulative seismic moments correspond to moment magnitudes ranging from Mw 6.49 to Mw 6.75, which are highly consistent with the actual Menyuan earthquake. This indicates that fault locking and slip deficit provide a reference for quantitatively assessing the characteristics of pre-seismic activity. Although the seismic moments derived from different datasets vary from 6.10 × 1018 to 1.50 × 1019 N·m, the key parameters determined by TDEFNODE inversion are generally consistent with the actual focal mechanisms. Therefore, results show that a comprehensive analysis of fault inversion can provide important insights into the formation process of earthquakes and help assess regional earthquake risk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Remote Sensing is the property of MDPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.3390/rs18183232
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        StartPage: 3232
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      – SubjectFull: Global Positioning System
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Radar interferometry
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Strain rate
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Earthquake prediction
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Geologic faults
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Strains & stresses (Mechanics)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Earthquake hazard analysis
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: China
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Kinematics of the Haiyuan Fault (Northwest China) Prior to the 2022 Menyuan Mw 6.7 Earthquake.
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            NameFull: Wu, Wenqiang
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            NameFull: Yu, Jiaoyang
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              M: 09
              Text: Sep2026
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              Y: 2026
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