A second-order relaxed Newton framework for material parameters identification and stress-constrained structural optimization.

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Title: A second-order relaxed Newton framework for material parameters identification and stress-constrained structural optimization.
Authors: Gallo, Antonio1 antonio.gallo2@unina.it, Armentani, Enrico1 enrico.armentani@unina.it, Ferraiuolo, Michele1 m.ferraiuolo@cira.it, Perrella, Michele1 michele.perrella@unina.it
Source: Fracture & Structural Integrity. Oct2026, Issue 78, p489-505. 17p.
Subjects: Newton-Raphson method, Constrained optimization, Mathematical optimization
Abstract: This work presents the development and implementation of a second-order optimization algorithm based on a relaxed Newton method for the minimization of nonlinear scalar objective functions with multiple design variables. The proposed strategy combines a modified Newton scheme with a customized backtracking formulation, which explicitly enforces the Armijo sufficient decrease condition to improve convergence and stability in highly nonlinear problems and reduce computational cost. A refinement parameter is introduced to generalize the step-size sequence into a continuous form, providing a relaxation of the standard backtracking scheme. Unlike standard tuning parameters, it acts directly on the mathematical structure of the linesearch procedure and remains independent of the specific physical problem, constitutive model, or objective function. The methodology is assessed through three case studies of increasing complexity, namely calibration of the Johnson–Cook plasticity model, calibration of the Gurson– Tvergaard– Needleman ductile damage model, and stress-constrained shape optimization of a hollow plate. The results demonstrate accurate parameter identification, robustness to initial guesses, and effective handling of both equality and inequality constraints through Lagrange multipliers and interior penalty functions. Comparisons with standard Newton and first-order methods, as well as Levenberg-Marquardt and Trust-Region algorithms, show better performance of the framework in terms of computational cost and number of iterations, providing an effective and computationally efficient optimization strategy for nonlinear finite element problems involving constitutive calibration and structural design. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Fracture & Structural Integrity is the property of Gruppo Italiano Frattura and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: A second-order relaxed Newton framework for material parameters identification and stress-constrained structural optimization.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Gallo%2C+Antonio%22">Gallo, Antonio</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> antonio.gallo2@unina.it</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Armentani%2C+Enrico%22">Armentani, Enrico</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> enrico.armentani@unina.it</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ferraiuolo%2C+Michele%22">Ferraiuolo, Michele</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> m.ferraiuolo@cira.it</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Perrella%2C+Michele%22">Perrella, Michele</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> michele.perrella@unina.it</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Fracture+%26+Structural+Integrity%22">Fracture & Structural Integrity</searchLink>. Oct2026, Issue 78, p489-505. 17p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Newton-Raphson+method%22">Newton-Raphson method</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Constrained+optimization%22">Constrained optimization</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mathematical+optimization%22">Mathematical optimization</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: This work presents the development and implementation of a second-order optimization algorithm based on a relaxed Newton method for the minimization of nonlinear scalar objective functions with multiple design variables. The proposed strategy combines a modified Newton scheme with a customized backtracking formulation, which explicitly enforces the Armijo sufficient decrease condition to improve convergence and stability in highly nonlinear problems and reduce computational cost. A refinement parameter is introduced to generalize the step-size sequence into a continuous form, providing a relaxation of the standard backtracking scheme. Unlike standard tuning parameters, it acts directly on the mathematical structure of the linesearch procedure and remains independent of the specific physical problem, constitutive model, or objective function. The methodology is assessed through three case studies of increasing complexity, namely calibration of the Johnson–Cook plasticity model, calibration of the Gurson– Tvergaard– Needleman ductile damage model, and stress-constrained shape optimization of a hollow plate. The results demonstrate accurate parameter identification, robustness to initial guesses, and effective handling of both equality and inequality constraints through Lagrange multipliers and interior penalty functions. Comparisons with standard Newton and first-order methods, as well as Levenberg-Marquardt and Trust-Region algorithms, show better performance of the framework in terms of computational cost and number of iterations, providing an effective and computationally efficient optimization strategy for nonlinear finite element problems involving constitutive calibration and structural design. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Fracture & Structural Integrity is the property of Gruppo Italiano Frattura and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.3221/IGF-ESIS.78.28
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 17
        StartPage: 489
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      – SubjectFull: Newton-Raphson method
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Constrained optimization
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Mathematical optimization
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      – TitleFull: A second-order relaxed Newton framework for material parameters identification and stress-constrained structural optimization.
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            – D: 01
              M: 10
              Text: Oct2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
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