Design and Validation of a Mobile Learning-Based PAD Class Module to Support ICT Teaching Competency in Pre-Service EFL Teacher Education: A Fuzzy Delphi Study.
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| Title: | Design and Validation of a Mobile Learning-Based PAD Class Module to Support ICT Teaching Competency in Pre-Service EFL Teacher Education: A Fuzzy Delphi Study. |
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| Authors: | Shi, Jing1,2 p114378@siswa.ukm.edu.my, Jamaludin, Khairul Azhar1 khairuljamaludin@ukm.edu.my, Ismail, Hanita Hanim1 hanitahanim@ukm.edu.my |
| Source: | International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies. 2026, Vol. 20 Issue 18, p86-108. 23p. |
| Subjects: | Mobile learning, Teacher education, Student teachers, Educational technology, Teacher competencies, Delphi method |
| Abstract: | This study addressed a critical gap in teacher education concerning the development of information and communication technology (ICT) teaching competency among pre-service English as a foreign language (EFL) teachers. Although mobile learning is widely recognized as an effective instructional approach, its systematic integration into teacher education remains limited. To address this issue, this study developed a novel mobile learning-based Presentation-Assimilation-Discussion (PAD) Class module (ML-PAD) designed to support ICT teaching competency among pre-service EFL teachers. The Fuzzy Delphi method (FDM) was employed to identify and validate the module's key constructs and elements. Twelve experts in EFL pedagogy and educational technology participated in the validation process. Expert consensus was reached on five main constructs and thirty-three elements, including module objectives, module contents, instructional procedures, online platform and tool design, and assessment strategies. The findings indicate that experts considered the proposed ML-PAD module pedagogically appropriate and contextually relevant to the Chinese EFL teacher education context. The ML-PAD module may provide useful design references for similar teacher education settings, while further empirical validation in other educational contexts remains necessary. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Copyright of International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies is the property of International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) | |
| Database: | Engineering Source |
| FullText | Links: – Type: pdflink Text: Availability: 0 |
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| Header | DbId: egs DbLabel: Engineering Source An: 197602527 AccessLevel: 6 PubType: Academic Journal PubTypeId: academicJournal PreciseRelevancyScore: 0 |
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| Items | – Name: Title Label: Title Group: Ti Data: Design and Validation of a Mobile Learning-Based PAD Class Module to Support ICT Teaching Competency in Pre-Service EFL Teacher Education: A Fuzzy Delphi Study. – Name: Author Label: Authors Group: Au Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Shi%2C+Jing%22">Shi, Jing</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo><i> p114378@siswa.ukm.edu.my</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Jamaludin%2C+Khairul+Azhar%22">Jamaludin, Khairul Azhar</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> khairuljamaludin@ukm.edu.my</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ismail%2C+Hanita+Hanim%22">Ismail, Hanita Hanim</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> hanitahanim@ukm.edu.my</i> – Name: TitleSource Label: Source Group: Src Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22International+Journal+of+Interactive+Mobile+Technologies%22">International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies</searchLink>. 2026, Vol. 20 Issue 18, p86-108. 23p. – Name: Subject Label: Subjects Group: Su Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mobile+learning%22">Mobile learning</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Teacher+education%22">Teacher education</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Student+teachers%22">Student teachers</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Educational+technology%22">Educational technology</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Teacher+competencies%22">Teacher competencies</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Delphi+method%22">Delphi method</searchLink> – Name: Abstract Label: Abstract Group: Ab Data: This study addressed a critical gap in teacher education concerning the development of information and communication technology (ICT) teaching competency among pre-service English as a foreign language (EFL) teachers. Although mobile learning is widely recognized as an effective instructional approach, its systematic integration into teacher education remains limited. To address this issue, this study developed a novel mobile learning-based Presentation-Assimilation-Discussion (PAD) Class module (ML-PAD) designed to support ICT teaching competency among pre-service EFL teachers. The Fuzzy Delphi method (FDM) was employed to identify and validate the module's key constructs and elements. Twelve experts in EFL pedagogy and educational technology participated in the validation process. Expert consensus was reached on five main constructs and thirty-three elements, including module objectives, module contents, instructional procedures, online platform and tool design, and assessment strategies. The findings indicate that experts considered the proposed ML-PAD module pedagogically appropriate and contextually relevant to the Chinese EFL teacher education context. The ML-PAD module may provide useful design references for similar teacher education settings, while further empirical validation in other educational contexts remains necessary. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] – Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright Label: Group: Ab Data: <i>Copyright of International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies is the property of International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) |
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| RecordInfo | BibRecord: BibEntity: Identifiers: – Type: doi Value: 10.3991/ijim.v20i18.59573 Languages: – Code: eng Text: English PhysicalDescription: Pagination: PageCount: 23 StartPage: 86 Subjects: – SubjectFull: Mobile learning Type: general – SubjectFull: Teacher education Type: general – SubjectFull: Student teachers Type: general – SubjectFull: Educational technology Type: general – SubjectFull: Teacher competencies Type: general – SubjectFull: Delphi method Type: general Titles: – TitleFull: Design and Validation of a Mobile Learning-Based PAD Class Module to Support ICT Teaching Competency in Pre-Service EFL Teacher Education: A Fuzzy Delphi Study. Type: main BibRelationships: HasContributorRelationships: – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Shi, Jing – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Jamaludin, Khairul Azhar – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Ismail, Hanita Hanim IsPartOfRelationships: – BibEntity: Dates: – D: 15 M: 09 Text: 2026 Type: published Y: 2026 Identifiers: – Type: issn-print Value: 18657923 Numbering: – Type: volume Value: 20 – Type: issue Value: 18 Titles: – TitleFull: International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies Type: main |
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