Design and Validation of a Mobile Learning-Based PAD Class Module to Support ICT Teaching Competency in Pre-Service EFL Teacher Education: A Fuzzy Delphi Study.

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Bibliographic Details
Title:	Design and Validation of a Mobile Learning-Based PAD Class Module to Support ICT Teaching Competency in Pre-Service EFL Teacher Education: A Fuzzy Delphi Study.
Authors:	Shi, Jing^1,2 p114378@siswa.ukm.edu.my, Jamaludin, Khairul Azhar¹ khairuljamaludin@ukm.edu.my, Ismail, Hanita Hanim¹ hanitahanim@ukm.edu.my
Source:	International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies. 2026, Vol. 20 Issue 18, p86-108. 23p.
Subjects:	Mobile learning, Teacher education, Student teachers, Educational technology, Teacher competencies, Delphi method
Abstract:	This study addressed a critical gap in teacher education concerning the development of information and communication technology (ICT) teaching competency among pre-service English as a foreign language (EFL) teachers. Although mobile learning is widely recognized as an effective instructional approach, its systematic integration into teacher education remains limited. To address this issue, this study developed a novel mobile learning-based Presentation-Assimilation-Discussion (PAD) Class module (ML-PAD) designed to support ICT teaching competency among pre-service EFL teachers. The Fuzzy Delphi method (FDM) was employed to identify and validate the module's key constructs and elements. Twelve experts in EFL pedagogy and educational technology participated in the validation process. Expert consensus was reached on five main constructs and thirty-three elements, including module objectives, module contents, instructional procedures, online platform and tool design, and assessment strategies. The findings indicate that experts considered the proposed ML-PAD module pedagogically appropriate and contextually relevant to the Chinese EFL teacher education context. The ML-PAD module may provide useful design references for similar teacher education settings, while further empirical validation in other educational contexts remains necessary. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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Database:	Engineering Source

Description
Abstract:	This study addressed a critical gap in teacher education concerning the development of information and communication technology (ICT) teaching competency among pre-service English as a foreign language (EFL) teachers. Although mobile learning is widely recognized as an effective instructional approach, its systematic integration into teacher education remains limited. To address this issue, this study developed a novel mobile learning-based Presentation-Assimilation-Discussion (PAD) Class module (ML-PAD) designed to support ICT teaching competency among pre-service EFL teachers. The Fuzzy Delphi method (FDM) was employed to identify and validate the module's key constructs and elements. Twelve experts in EFL pedagogy and educational technology participated in the validation process. Expert consensus was reached on five main constructs and thirty-three elements, including module objectives, module contents, instructional procedures, online platform and tool design, and assessment strategies. The findings indicate that experts considered the proposed ML-PAD module pedagogically appropriate and contextually relevant to the Chinese EFL teacher education context. The ML-PAD module may provide useful design references for similar teacher education settings, while further empirical validation in other educational contexts remains necessary. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
ISSN:	18657923
DOI:	10.3991/ijim.v20i18.59573