Characteristics of Peaks of Inhalation Exposure to Organic Solvents.
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| Title: | Characteristics of Peaks of Inhalation Exposure to Organic Solvents. |
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| Authors: | PRELLER, LIESBETH1 preller@chemie.tno.nl, BURSTYN, IGOR2, DE PATER, NETTIE1, KROMHOUT, HANS2 |
| Source: | Annals of Occupational Hygiene. Oct2004, Vol. 48 Issue 7, p643-652. 10p. 2 Charts, 3 Graphs. |
| Subjects: | Toxicology of poisonous gases, Solvents, Spraying, Chemical detectors, Factor analysis, Toxicology |
| Abstract: | Objectives: To determine which exposure metrics are sufficient to characterize ‘peak’ inhalation exposure to organic solvents (OS) during spraying operations.Methods: Personal exposure measurements (n = 27; duration 5–159 min) were collected during application of paints, primers, resins and glues in 15 companies. A MiniRAE Photo-Ionization Detector measured OS concentrations every second. These readings were adjusted for OS composition, which was determined by charcoal tubes. A peak was defined as a period during which exposure exceeded the time-weighted average (TWA) exposure. Five second and 1 and 15 min moving average times were considered in defining a peak. The number of peaks per hour, the duration of a peak, the maximum concentration within a peak, the average concentration within a peak, the ratio between maximum and average concentration within a peak and the average time between two peaks were recorded for each sample. Data were analyzed using factor analysis on 13 variables for the 27 samples: TWA concentration of the task and the six peak characteristics based on the 5 s and 1 min moving averaging time.Results: There were three statistically independent sources of correlation among metrics of peak exposure, explaining 87% of the multiple correlation. The first factor reflected the intensity of peak exposure; it was also associated with the TWA. The second and third factors were related to measures of variability (in frequency and intensity) and duration of peaks, respectively.Conclusions: We present a method for describing peak profiles for inhalation exposure in terms of various distinguishable and independent parameters. Pending development of toxicologically justified peak exposure metrics, such investigations can be of value in identifying exposure metrics for which non-confounded risk estimates can be obtained in epidemiological studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Copyright of Annals of Occupational Hygiene is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) | |
| Database: | Engineering Source |
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| Items | – Name: Title Label: Title Group: Ti Data: Characteristics of Peaks of Inhalation Exposure to Organic Solvents. – Name: Author Label: Authors Group: Au Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22PRELLER%2C+LIESBETH%22">PRELLER, LIESBETH</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> preller@chemie.tno.nl</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22BURSTYN%2C+IGOR%22">BURSTYN, IGOR</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22DE+PATER%2C+NETTIE%22">DE PATER, NETTIE</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22KROMHOUT%2C+HANS%22">KROMHOUT, HANS</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> – Name: TitleSource Label: Source Group: Src Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Annals+of+Occupational+Hygiene%22">Annals of Occupational Hygiene</searchLink>. Oct2004, Vol. 48 Issue 7, p643-652. 10p. 2 Charts, 3 Graphs. – Name: Subject Label: Subjects Group: Su Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Toxicology+of+poisonous+gases%22">Toxicology of poisonous gases</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Solvents%22">Solvents</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Spraying%22">Spraying</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Chemical+detectors%22">Chemical detectors</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Factor+analysis%22">Factor analysis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Toxicology%22">Toxicology</searchLink> – Name: Abstract Label: Abstract Group: Ab Data: Objectives: To determine which exposure metrics are sufficient to characterize ‘peak’ inhalation exposure to organic solvents (OS) during spraying operations.Methods: Personal exposure measurements (n = 27; duration 5–159 min) were collected during application of paints, primers, resins and glues in 15 companies. A MiniRAE Photo-Ionization Detector measured OS concentrations every second. These readings were adjusted for OS composition, which was determined by charcoal tubes. A peak was defined as a period during which exposure exceeded the time-weighted average (TWA) exposure. Five second and 1 and 15 min moving average times were considered in defining a peak. The number of peaks per hour, the duration of a peak, the maximum concentration within a peak, the average concentration within a peak, the ratio between maximum and average concentration within a peak and the average time between two peaks were recorded for each sample. Data were analyzed using factor analysis on 13 variables for the 27 samples: TWA concentration of the task and the six peak characteristics based on the 5 s and 1 min moving averaging time.Results: There were three statistically independent sources of correlation among metrics of peak exposure, explaining 87% of the multiple correlation. The first factor reflected the intensity of peak exposure; it was also associated with the TWA. The second and third factors were related to measures of variability (in frequency and intensity) and duration of peaks, respectively.Conclusions: We present a method for describing peak profiles for inhalation exposure in terms of various distinguishable and independent parameters. Pending development of toxicologically justified peak exposure metrics, such investigations can be of value in identifying exposure metrics for which non-confounded risk estimates can be obtained in epidemiological studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] – Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright Label: Group: Ab Data: <i>Copyright of Annals of Occupational Hygiene is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) |
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| RecordInfo | BibRecord: BibEntity: Identifiers: – Type: doi Value: 10.1093/annhyg/meh045 Languages: – Code: eng Text: English PhysicalDescription: Pagination: PageCount: 10 StartPage: 643 Subjects: – SubjectFull: Toxicology of poisonous gases Type: general – SubjectFull: Solvents Type: general – SubjectFull: Spraying Type: general – SubjectFull: Chemical detectors Type: general – SubjectFull: Factor analysis Type: general – SubjectFull: Toxicology Type: general Titles: – TitleFull: Characteristics of Peaks of Inhalation Exposure to Organic Solvents. Type: main BibRelationships: HasContributorRelationships: – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: PRELLER, LIESBETH – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: BURSTYN, IGOR – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: DE PATER, NETTIE – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: KROMHOUT, HANS IsPartOfRelationships: – BibEntity: Dates: – D: 01 M: 10 Text: Oct2004 Type: published Y: 2004 Identifiers: – Type: issn-print Value: 00034878 Numbering: – Type: volume Value: 48 – Type: issue Value: 7 Titles: – TitleFull: Annals of Occupational Hygiene Type: main |
| ResultId | 1 |
