Integrating principles of nitrogen dynamics in a method to estimate leachable nitrogen under agricultural systems.
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| Title: | Integrating principles of nitrogen dynamics in a method to estimate leachable nitrogen under agricultural systems. |
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| Authors: | Burkart, M.1 burkart@nstl.gov, James, D.1 james@rrsfl.gov, Liebman, M.2 mliebman@iastate.edu, Van Ouwerkerk, E.3 evo@iastate.edu |
| Source: | Water Science & Technology. 2006, Vol. 53 Issue 2, p289-301. 13p. 2 Diagrams, 7 Charts, 2 Graphs, 1 Map. |
| Subjects: | Agriculture, Nitrogen, Groundwater, Watersheds, Soybean, Corn, Soils, Crops, Livestock |
| Abstract: | Surplus nitrogen (N) in ground and surface water is of concern in intensive agricultural regions. Surplus N leaches during lengthy periods where annual crop systems are used in temperate regions. This paper presents a model to estimate the surplus N available for leaching to ground water beneath agricultural systems and applies the model to watersheds in an intensive maize and soybean production system. The model utilizes commonly available georeferenced data on soils, crops, and livestock, making it applicable to watersheds in many regions. The model links stocks of N in soil, crops, livestock, fertilizer and the atmosphere. Nitrogen flow centers on exchange between the soil N stocks. Nitrogen mineralization rates are defined for three soil organic matter pools, crop residue, and manure based on carbon:N ratios. Nitrogen exports from the system are harvested crops, livestock and losses to the atmosphere. Application of the model in 26 Iowa watersheds finds surpluses of 18 to 43 kg-N/ha. Surpluses exceeded measured annual nitrate-N loads in regional streams by amounts equivalent to denitrification rates in groundwater. Deficits in soil N were sufficiently small to suggest that the system is in equilibrium with soils of the region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Copyright of Water Science & Technology is the property of IWA Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) | |
| Database: | Engineering Source |
| FullText | Text: Availability: 0 |
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| Header | DbId: egs DbLabel: Engineering Source An: 21846004 AccessLevel: 6 PubType: Academic Journal PubTypeId: academicJournal PreciseRelevancyScore: 0 |
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| Items | – Name: Title Label: Title Group: Ti Data: Integrating principles of nitrogen dynamics in a method to estimate leachable nitrogen under agricultural systems. – Name: Author Label: Authors Group: Au Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Burkart%2C+M%2E%22">Burkart, M.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> burkart@nstl.gov</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22James%2C+D%2E%22">James, D.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> james@rrsfl.gov</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Liebman%2C+M%2E%22">Liebman, M.</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo><i> mliebman@iastate.edu</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Van+Ouwerkerk%2C+E%2E%22">Van Ouwerkerk, E.</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo><i> evo@iastate.edu</i> – Name: TitleSource Label: Source Group: Src Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Water+Science+%26+Technology%22">Water Science & Technology</searchLink>. 2006, Vol. 53 Issue 2, p289-301. 13p. 2 Diagrams, 7 Charts, 2 Graphs, 1 Map. – Name: Subject Label: Subjects Group: Su Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Agriculture%22">Agriculture</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Nitrogen%22">Nitrogen</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Groundwater%22">Groundwater</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Watersheds%22">Watersheds</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Soybean%22">Soybean</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Corn%22">Corn</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Soils%22">Soils</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Crops%22">Crops</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Livestock%22">Livestock</searchLink> – Name: Abstract Label: Abstract Group: Ab Data: Surplus nitrogen (N) in ground and surface water is of concern in intensive agricultural regions. Surplus N leaches during lengthy periods where annual crop systems are used in temperate regions. This paper presents a model to estimate the surplus N available for leaching to ground water beneath agricultural systems and applies the model to watersheds in an intensive maize and soybean production system. The model utilizes commonly available georeferenced data on soils, crops, and livestock, making it applicable to watersheds in many regions. The model links stocks of N in soil, crops, livestock, fertilizer and the atmosphere. Nitrogen flow centers on exchange between the soil N stocks. Nitrogen mineralization rates are defined for three soil organic matter pools, crop residue, and manure based on carbon:N ratios. Nitrogen exports from the system are harvested crops, livestock and losses to the atmosphere. Application of the model in 26 Iowa watersheds finds surpluses of 18 to 43 kg-N/ha. Surpluses exceeded measured annual nitrate-N loads in regional streams by amounts equivalent to denitrification rates in groundwater. Deficits in soil N were sufficiently small to suggest that the system is in equilibrium with soils of the region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] – Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright Label: Group: Ab Data: <i>Copyright of Water Science & Technology is the property of IWA Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) |
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| RecordInfo | BibRecord: BibEntity: Identifiers: – Type: doi Value: 10.2166/wst.2006.063 Languages: – Code: eng Text: English PhysicalDescription: Pagination: PageCount: 13 StartPage: 289 Subjects: – SubjectFull: Agriculture Type: general – SubjectFull: Nitrogen Type: general – SubjectFull: Groundwater Type: general – SubjectFull: Watersheds Type: general – SubjectFull: Soybean Type: general – SubjectFull: Corn Type: general – SubjectFull: Soils Type: general – SubjectFull: Crops Type: general – SubjectFull: Livestock Type: general Titles: – TitleFull: Integrating principles of nitrogen dynamics in a method to estimate leachable nitrogen under agricultural systems. Type: main BibRelationships: HasContributorRelationships: – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Burkart, M. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: James, D. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Liebman, M. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Van Ouwerkerk, E. IsPartOfRelationships: – BibEntity: Dates: – D: 15 M: 01 Text: 2006 Type: published Y: 2006 Identifiers: – Type: issn-print Value: 02731223 Numbering: – Type: volume Value: 53 – Type: issue Value: 2 Titles: – TitleFull: Water Science & Technology Type: main |
| ResultId | 1 |
