Transverse Patterning and Human Amnesia.
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| Title: | Transverse Patterning and Human Amnesia. |
|---|---|
| Authors: | Rickard, Timothy C.1 trickard@ucsd.edu, Verfaellie, Mieke2, Grafman, Jordan3 |
| Source: | Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience. Oct2006, Vol. 18 Issue 10, p1723-1733. 11p. |
| Subjects: | Patterning therapy, Brain damage, Learning, Amnesia, Amnesiacs, Neurosciences |
| Abstract: | The transverse patterning (TP) task (A+ B-, B+ C-, C+ A-) has played a central role in testing the hypothesis that medial-temporal (and, in particular, hippocampal) brain damage selectively impairs learning on at least some classes of configural (i.e., nonlinear) learning tasks. Results in the animal and human literature generally support that hypothesis. Reed and Squire [Impaired transverse patterning in human amnesia is a special case of impaired memory for two-choice discrimination tasks. Behavioral Neuroscience, 113, 3-9, 1999], however, advanced an alternative account in which impaired TP performance in amnesia reflects a generic scaling artifact arising from the greater difficulty of the TP task compared to the elemental (i.e., linear) control task that is typically used. We begin with a critique of Reed and Squire, countering their conceptual arguments and showing that their results, when analyzed appropriately, support the configural deficit hypothesis. We then report results from eight new amnesic patients and controls on an improved version of the TP task. Despite substantial practice, accuracy of patients with bilateral hippocampal damage due to anoxia reached and maintained an asymptote of only 54% correct, well below the maximum accuracy obtainable (67%) in the absence of configural learning. A patient with selective bilateral damage to the anterior thalamic nuclei exhibited a TP accuracy asymptote that was near 67%, a pattern of two out of three correct consecutive trials, and a pattern of nearly always answering correctly for two of the three TP item pairs. These results are consistent with a set of unique and parameter-free predictions of the configural deficit hypothesis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Copyright of Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience is the property of MIT Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) | |
| Database: | Engineering Source |
| FullText | Links: – Type: pdflink Text: Availability: 0 |
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| Header | DbId: egs DbLabel: Engineering Source An: 22699696 AccessLevel: 6 PubType: Academic Journal PubTypeId: academicJournal PreciseRelevancyScore: 0 |
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| Items | – Name: Title Label: Title Group: Ti Data: Transverse Patterning and Human Amnesia. – Name: Author Label: Authors Group: Au Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Rickard%2C+Timothy+C%2E%22">Rickard, Timothy C.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> trickard@ucsd.edu</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Verfaellie%2C+Mieke%22">Verfaellie, Mieke</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Grafman%2C+Jordan%22">Grafman, Jordan</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo> – Name: TitleSource Label: Source Group: Src Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+Cognitive+Neuroscience%22">Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience</searchLink>. Oct2006, Vol. 18 Issue 10, p1723-1733. 11p. – Name: Subject Label: Subjects Group: Su Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Patterning+therapy%22">Patterning therapy</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Brain+damage%22">Brain damage</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Learning%22">Learning</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Amnesia%22">Amnesia</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Amnesiacs%22">Amnesiacs</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Neurosciences%22">Neurosciences</searchLink> – Name: Abstract Label: Abstract Group: Ab Data: The transverse patterning (TP) task (A+ B-, B+ C-, C+ A-) has played a central role in testing the hypothesis that medial-temporal (and, in particular, hippocampal) brain damage selectively impairs learning on at least some classes of configural (i.e., nonlinear) learning tasks. Results in the animal and human literature generally support that hypothesis. Reed and Squire [Impaired transverse patterning in human amnesia is a special case of impaired memory for two-choice discrimination tasks. Behavioral Neuroscience, 113, 3-9, 1999], however, advanced an alternative account in which impaired TP performance in amnesia reflects a generic scaling artifact arising from the greater difficulty of the TP task compared to the elemental (i.e., linear) control task that is typically used. We begin with a critique of Reed and Squire, countering their conceptual arguments and showing that their results, when analyzed appropriately, support the configural deficit hypothesis. We then report results from eight new amnesic patients and controls on an improved version of the TP task. Despite substantial practice, accuracy of patients with bilateral hippocampal damage due to anoxia reached and maintained an asymptote of only 54% correct, well below the maximum accuracy obtainable (67%) in the absence of configural learning. A patient with selective bilateral damage to the anterior thalamic nuclei exhibited a TP accuracy asymptote that was near 67%, a pattern of two out of three correct consecutive trials, and a pattern of nearly always answering correctly for two of the three TP item pairs. These results are consistent with a set of unique and parameter-free predictions of the configural deficit hypothesis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] – Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright Label: Group: Ab Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience is the property of MIT Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) |
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| RecordInfo | BibRecord: BibEntity: Identifiers: – Type: doi Value: 10.1162/jocn.2006.18.10.1723 Languages: – Code: eng Text: English PhysicalDescription: Pagination: PageCount: 11 StartPage: 1723 Subjects: – SubjectFull: Patterning therapy Type: general – SubjectFull: Brain damage Type: general – SubjectFull: Learning Type: general – SubjectFull: Amnesia Type: general – SubjectFull: Amnesiacs Type: general – SubjectFull: Neurosciences Type: general Titles: – TitleFull: Transverse Patterning and Human Amnesia. Type: main BibRelationships: HasContributorRelationships: – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Rickard, Timothy C. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Verfaellie, Mieke – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Grafman, Jordan IsPartOfRelationships: – BibEntity: Dates: – D: 01 M: 10 Text: Oct2006 Type: published Y: 2006 Identifiers: – Type: issn-print Value: 0898929X Numbering: – Type: volume Value: 18 – Type: issue Value: 10 Titles: – TitleFull: Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience Type: main |
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