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Unraveling the Structural Components of Soil Humin by Use of Solution-State Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy.

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Title: Unraveling the Structural Components of Soil Humin by Use of Solution-State Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy.
Authors: Simpson, Andre J.1 andre.simpson@utoronto.ca, Guixue Song2, Smith, Emma1, Lam, Buuan1, Novotny, Etelvino H.2,3, Hayes, Michael H. B.3
Source: Environmental Science & Technology. 2/1/2007, Vol. 41 Issue 3, p876-883. 8p. 3 Graphs.
Subjects: Biopolymers, Humins, Alkaline earth oxides, Extraction (Chemistry), Peptides, Carbohydrates, Peptidoglycans, Lignins, Microbial polymers
Abstract: Humin is the most recalcitrant and least understood fraction of soil organic matter. By definition, humin is that fraction not extracted by traditional aqueous alkaline soil extractants. Here we show that ≥70% of the traditional humin fraction is solubilized when 0.1 M NaOH + 6 M urea and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) + 6% H2SO4 are used in series after conventional extraction. Multidimensional solution-state NMR is applied in this study to gain an understanding of the major constituents present in these ‘solubilized humin fractions’. The spectra indicated strong contributions from five main categories of components, namely, peptides, aliphatic species, carbohydrates, peptidoglycan, and lignin. Diffusion edited spectroscopy indicated that all species are present as macromolecules (or stable aggregate species). Although the distribution of the components is generally similar, peptidoglycan is present at significant levels supporting a higher microbial contribution to humin than to humic and fulvic fractions. The abundance of plant- and microbial-derived materials found does not exclude ‘humic’ materials (e.g., oxidized lignin) or the presence of novel compounds at lower concentrations but suggests that a large proportion of humin is formed from classes of known compounds and parent biopolymers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Environmental Science & Technology is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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DbLabel: Engineering Source
An: 23993157
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PubTypeId: academicJournal
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  Data: Unraveling the Structural Components of Soil Humin by Use of Solution-State Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Simpson%2C+Andre+J%2E%22">Simpson, Andre J.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> andre.simpson@utoronto.ca</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Guixue+Song%22">Guixue Song</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Smith%2C+Emma%22">Smith, Emma</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Lam%2C+Buuan%22">Lam, Buuan</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Novotny%2C+Etelvino+H%2E%22">Novotny, Etelvino H.</searchLink><relatesTo>2,3</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hayes%2C+Michael+H%2E+B%2E%22">Hayes, Michael H. B.</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Environmental+Science+%26+Technology%22">Environmental Science & Technology</searchLink>. 2/1/2007, Vol. 41 Issue 3, p876-883. 8p. 3 Graphs.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Biopolymers%22">Biopolymers</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Humins%22">Humins</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Alkaline+earth+oxides%22">Alkaline earth oxides</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Extraction+%28Chemistry%29%22">Extraction (Chemistry)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Peptides%22">Peptides</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Carbohydrates%22">Carbohydrates</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Peptidoglycans%22">Peptidoglycans</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Lignins%22">Lignins</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Microbial+polymers%22">Microbial polymers</searchLink>
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  Data: Humin is the most recalcitrant and least understood fraction of soil organic matter. By definition, humin is that fraction not extracted by traditional aqueous alkaline soil extractants. Here we show that ≥70% of the traditional humin fraction is solubilized when 0.1 M NaOH + 6 M urea and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) + 6% H2SO4 are used in series after conventional extraction. Multidimensional solution-state NMR is applied in this study to gain an understanding of the major constituents present in these ‘solubilized humin fractions’. The spectra indicated strong contributions from five main categories of components, namely, peptides, aliphatic species, carbohydrates, peptidoglycan, and lignin. Diffusion edited spectroscopy indicated that all species are present as macromolecules (or stable aggregate species). Although the distribution of the components is generally similar, peptidoglycan is present at significant levels supporting a higher microbial contribution to humin than to humic and fulvic fractions. The abundance of plant- and microbial-derived materials found does not exclude ‘humic’ materials (e.g., oxidized lignin) or the presence of novel compounds at lower concentrations but suggests that a large proportion of humin is formed from classes of known compounds and parent biopolymers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Environmental Science & Technology is the property of American Chemical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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        Value: 10.1021/es061576c
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 8
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      – SubjectFull: Biopolymers
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Humins
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Alkaline earth oxides
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Extraction (Chemistry)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Peptides
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Carbohydrates
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Peptidoglycans
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Lignins
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Microbial polymers
        Type: general
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      – TitleFull: Unraveling the Structural Components of Soil Humin by Use of Solution-State Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy.
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            NameFull: Smith, Emma
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              M: 02
              Text: 2/1/2007
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              Y: 2007
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              Value: 41
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