Modelling the effects of cropping systems on the seed bank dynamics and the emergence of weed beet
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| Title: | Modelling the effects of cropping systems on the seed bank dynamics and the emergence of weed beet |
|---|---|
| Authors: | Sester, Mathilde1, Dürr, Carolyne2, Darmency, Henri1, Colbach, Nathalie1 colbach@dijon.inra.fr |
| Source: | Ecological Modelling. May2007, Vol. 204 Issue 1/2, p47-58. 12p. |
| Subjects: | Cultivars, Sugar beets, Cropping systems, Weed control, Tillage, Soil management, Agricultural climatology, Germination, Crop rotation, Seed viability, Simulation methods & models |
| Abstract: | Weed beet (Beta vulgaris) is a serious problem in sugar beet fields in many European countries and in the USA. This weed is the progeny either of accidental hybrids between sugar beet (ssp. vulgaris) and wild beet (ssp. maritima), or of bolted sugar beet plants in the case of varieties with low bolting resistance. Because of its proximity to the crop, the weed cannot be eradicated by herbicides in sugar beet crops. With the advent of genetically modified (GM) sugar beet varieties tolerant to non-selective herbicides, weed beet could also become tolerant to these herbicides because the sugar beet and weed beet are interfertile. It is therefore crucial to evaluate and develop cropping systems for managing weed beet. Consequently, we need models quantifying the effects of cropping systems on weed beet dynamics. Because of the seed longevity, the seed bank of weed beet constitutes a key step for these dynamics. The objective of the present work was to develop a model quantifying the effects of tillage, in interaction with soil climate and structure, on the seed bank dynamics and the emergence of weed beet. The model was based on sub-models predicting (a) soil environment (climate, structure) resulting from the cropping system and weather, (b) vertical soil seed distribution after tillage, depending on the tool, the characteristics of the tillage implement and the soil structure; and (c) seed mortality, dormancy, germination and pre-emergent growth depending on season, soil environment, seed depth and age. Seed mortality occurs only during autumn; seed dormancy increases during summer and autumn and decreases during winter; it also increases with seed depth. Germination is triggered by rain or tillage and driven by hydrothermal time; pre-emergent shoot elongation increases with thermal time; pre-emergent seedling mortality increases with soil clod size and seed depth. The sub-models for soil environment and seed movements were based on existing models; the weed beet sub-model was developed from our previously published studies and completed here with additional experiments. Simulations were carried out to show how crop rotation and tillage influence weed beet seed bank and emergence in different crops. [Copyright &y& Elsevier] |
| Copyright of Ecological Modelling is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) | |
| Database: | Engineering Source |
| FullText | Text: Availability: 0 |
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| Header | DbId: egs DbLabel: Engineering Source An: 24867372 AccessLevel: 6 PubType: Academic Journal PubTypeId: academicJournal PreciseRelevancyScore: 0 |
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| Items | – Name: Title Label: Title Group: Ti Data: Modelling the effects of cropping systems on the seed bank dynamics and the emergence of weed beet – Name: Author Label: Authors Group: Au Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Sester%2C+Mathilde%22">Sester, Mathilde</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Dürr%2C+Carolyne%22">Dürr, Carolyne</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Darmency%2C+Henri%22">Darmency, Henri</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Colbach%2C+Nathalie%22">Colbach, Nathalie</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> colbach@dijon.inra.fr</i> – Name: TitleSource Label: Source Group: Src Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Ecological+Modelling%22">Ecological Modelling</searchLink>. May2007, Vol. 204 Issue 1/2, p47-58. 12p. – Name: Subject Label: Subjects Group: Su Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cultivars%22">Cultivars</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Sugar+beets%22">Sugar beets</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cropping+systems%22">Cropping systems</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Weed+control%22">Weed control</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Tillage%22">Tillage</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Soil+management%22">Soil management</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Agricultural+climatology%22">Agricultural climatology</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Germination%22">Germination</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Crop+rotation%22">Crop rotation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Seed+viability%22">Seed viability</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Simulation+methods+%26+models%22">Simulation methods & models</searchLink> – Name: Abstract Label: Abstract Group: Ab Data: Weed beet (Beta vulgaris) is a serious problem in sugar beet fields in many European countries and in the USA. This weed is the progeny either of accidental hybrids between sugar beet (ssp. vulgaris) and wild beet (ssp. maritima), or of bolted sugar beet plants in the case of varieties with low bolting resistance. Because of its proximity to the crop, the weed cannot be eradicated by herbicides in sugar beet crops. With the advent of genetically modified (GM) sugar beet varieties tolerant to non-selective herbicides, weed beet could also become tolerant to these herbicides because the sugar beet and weed beet are interfertile. It is therefore crucial to evaluate and develop cropping systems for managing weed beet. Consequently, we need models quantifying the effects of cropping systems on weed beet dynamics. Because of the seed longevity, the seed bank of weed beet constitutes a key step for these dynamics. The objective of the present work was to develop a model quantifying the effects of tillage, in interaction with soil climate and structure, on the seed bank dynamics and the emergence of weed beet. The model was based on sub-models predicting (a) soil environment (climate, structure) resulting from the cropping system and weather, (b) vertical soil seed distribution after tillage, depending on the tool, the characteristics of the tillage implement and the soil structure; and (c) seed mortality, dormancy, germination and pre-emergent growth depending on season, soil environment, seed depth and age. Seed mortality occurs only during autumn; seed dormancy increases during summer and autumn and decreases during winter; it also increases with seed depth. Germination is triggered by rain or tillage and driven by hydrothermal time; pre-emergent shoot elongation increases with thermal time; pre-emergent seedling mortality increases with soil clod size and seed depth. The sub-models for soil environment and seed movements were based on existing models; the weed beet sub-model was developed from our previously published studies and completed here with additional experiments. Simulations were carried out to show how crop rotation and tillage influence weed beet seed bank and emergence in different crops. [Copyright &y& Elsevier] – Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright Label: Group: Ab Data: <i>Copyright of Ecological Modelling is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) |
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| RecordInfo | BibRecord: BibEntity: Identifiers: – Type: doi Value: 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2006.12.018 Languages: – Code: eng Text: English PhysicalDescription: Pagination: PageCount: 12 StartPage: 47 Subjects: – SubjectFull: Cultivars Type: general – SubjectFull: Sugar beets Type: general – SubjectFull: Cropping systems Type: general – SubjectFull: Weed control Type: general – SubjectFull: Tillage Type: general – SubjectFull: Soil management Type: general – SubjectFull: Agricultural climatology Type: general – SubjectFull: Germination Type: general – SubjectFull: Crop rotation Type: general – SubjectFull: Seed viability Type: general – SubjectFull: Simulation methods & models Type: general Titles: – TitleFull: Modelling the effects of cropping systems on the seed bank dynamics and the emergence of weed beet Type: main BibRelationships: HasContributorRelationships: – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Sester, Mathilde – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Dürr, Carolyne – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Darmency, Henri – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Colbach, Nathalie IsPartOfRelationships: – BibEntity: Dates: – D: 24 M: 05 Text: May2007 Type: published Y: 2007 Identifiers: – Type: issn-print Value: 03043800 Numbering: – Type: volume Value: 204 – Type: issue Value: 1/2 Titles: – TitleFull: Ecological Modelling Type: main |
| ResultId | 1 |
