A synchrotron X-ray study of structural ordering in the microwave dielectric ceramic system: Ba(Ni1/3Nb2/3)O3–Ba(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O3.
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| Title: | A synchrotron X-ray study of structural ordering in the microwave dielectric ceramic system: Ba(Ni |
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| Authors: | Cernik, R. J.1 r.cernik@manchester.ac.uk, Barwick, M.1, Azough, F.1, Freer, R.1 |
| Source: | Journal of Applied Crystallography. Aug2007, Vol. 40 Issue 4, p749-755. 7p. 4 Charts, 6 Graphs. |
| Subjects: | Ceramics, Synchrotrons, Sintering, Statistical correlation, Spectrum analysis, Isostatic pressing |
| Abstract: | Microwave dielectric ceramics in Ba(Ni1/3Nb2/3)O3–Ba(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O3 (BNN–BZN) have been studied using high-resolution synchrotron powder diffraction. Two crystalline phases (cubic Pm m and trigonal P m1) have been found to coexist in both the BZN and BNN end members and mixed phases. A direct correlation between cooling rate (513 K h−1 to 275 K h−1) after sintering (annealing) and the growth of the trigonal ordered phase has been observed. The effect of annealing time (up to 72 h) at 1573 K has also been investigated for BNN ceramics and has been found to affect the growth of the ordered phase in a similar way to the variation of cooling rate. The degree of order in both BNN and BZN was found to increase with slow cooling and annealing from 28% to 38%, and from 10% to 31%, respectively. The degree of ordering in solid-solution samples prepared from a mixture of BZN and BNN also increased with slow cooling and annealing. In this case, the growth of the ordered phases were less well developed than those of the individual end members. Two surface-specific phases were found in the slowly cooled BZN sample, one of which was confirmed as Ba5Nb4O15 by wavelength dispersive spectroscopy (WDS) and Rietveld analysis; the other was found to be Ba8ZnNb6O24 by WDS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Copyright of Journal of Applied Crystallography is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) | |
| Database: | Engineering Source |
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| Header | DbId: egs DbLabel: Engineering Source An: 25802632 AccessLevel: 6 PubType: Academic Journal PubTypeId: academicJournal PreciseRelevancyScore: 0 |
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| Items | – Name: Title Label: Title Group: Ti Data: A synchrotron X-ray study of structural ordering in the microwave dielectric ceramic system: Ba(Ni<subscript>1/3</subscript>Nb<subscript>2/3</subscript>)O<subscript>3</subscript>–Ba(Zn<subscript>1/3</subscript>Nb<subscript>2/3</subscript>)O<subscript>3</subscript>. – Name: Author Label: Authors Group: Au Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Cernik%2C+R%2E+J%2E%22">Cernik, R. J.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> r.cernik@manchester.ac.uk</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Barwick%2C+M%2E%22">Barwick, M.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Azough%2C+F%2E%22">Azough, F.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Freer%2C+R%2E%22">Freer, R.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> – Name: TitleSource Label: Source Group: Src Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+Applied+Crystallography%22">Journal of Applied Crystallography</searchLink>. Aug2007, Vol. 40 Issue 4, p749-755. 7p. 4 Charts, 6 Graphs. – Name: Subject Label: Subjects Group: Su Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Ceramics%22">Ceramics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Synchrotrons%22">Synchrotrons</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Sintering%22">Sintering</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Statistical+correlation%22">Statistical correlation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Spectrum+analysis%22">Spectrum analysis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Isostatic+pressing%22">Isostatic pressing</searchLink> – Name: Abstract Label: Abstract Group: Ab Data: Microwave dielectric ceramics in Ba(Ni1/3Nb2/3)O3–Ba(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O3 (BNN–BZN) have been studied using high-resolution synchrotron powder diffraction. Two crystalline phases (cubic Pm m and trigonal P m1) have been found to coexist in both the BZN and BNN end members and mixed phases. A direct correlation between cooling rate (513 K h−1 to 275 K h−1) after sintering (annealing) and the growth of the trigonal ordered phase has been observed. The effect of annealing time (up to 72 h) at 1573 K has also been investigated for BNN ceramics and has been found to affect the growth of the ordered phase in a similar way to the variation of cooling rate. The degree of order in both BNN and BZN was found to increase with slow cooling and annealing from 28% to 38%, and from 10% to 31%, respectively. The degree of ordering in solid-solution samples prepared from a mixture of BZN and BNN also increased with slow cooling and annealing. In this case, the growth of the ordered phases were less well developed than those of the individual end members. Two surface-specific phases were found in the slowly cooled BZN sample, one of which was confirmed as Ba5Nb4O15 by wavelength dispersive spectroscopy (WDS) and Rietveld analysis; the other was found to be Ba8ZnNb6O24 by WDS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] – Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright Label: Group: Ab Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Applied Crystallography is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) |
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| RecordInfo | BibRecord: BibEntity: Identifiers: – Type: doi Value: 10.1107/S0021889807028051 Languages: – Code: eng Text: English PhysicalDescription: Pagination: PageCount: 7 StartPage: 749 Subjects: – SubjectFull: Ceramics Type: general – SubjectFull: Synchrotrons Type: general – SubjectFull: Sintering Type: general – SubjectFull: Statistical correlation Type: general – SubjectFull: Spectrum analysis Type: general – SubjectFull: Isostatic pressing Type: general Titles: – TitleFull: A synchrotron X-ray study of structural ordering in the microwave dielectric ceramic system: Ba(Ni1/3Nb2/3)O3–Ba(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O3. Type: main BibRelationships: HasContributorRelationships: – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Cernik, R. J. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Barwick, M. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Azough, F. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Freer, R. IsPartOfRelationships: – BibEntity: Dates: – D: 01 M: 08 Text: Aug2007 Type: published Y: 2007 Identifiers: – Type: issn-print Value: 00218898 Numbering: – Type: volume Value: 40 – Type: issue Value: 4 Titles: – TitleFull: Journal of Applied Crystallography Type: main |
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