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Pulp mill process closure: a review of global technology developments and mill experiences in the 1990s.

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Title: Pulp mill process closure: a review of global technology developments and mill experiences in the 1990s.
Authors: Stratton, S. C.1 sstratton@ncasi.org, Gleadow, P. L.2, Johnson, A. P.3
Source: Water Science & Technology. 2004, Vol. 50 Issue 3, p183-194. 12p.
Subjects: Water quality management, Pulp mill waste disposal, Pulp mills, Bleaching (Chemistry), Wastewater treatment, Mills & mill-work, Biological treatment of water, Industrial wastes, History
Abstract: The impact of effluent discharges continues to be an important issue for the pulp manufacturing industry. Considerable progress has been made in pollution prevention to minimize waste generation, socalled manufacturing "process closure." Since the mid-1980s many important technologies have been developed and implemented, many of these in response to organochlorine concerns. Zero effluent operation is now a reality for a few bleached chemi-thermomechanical pulp (BCTMP) pulp mills. In kraft pulp manufacturing, important developments include widespread adoption of new cooking techniques, oxygen delignification, closed screening, improved process control, new bleaching methods, and systems that minimize pulping liquor losses. Coupled to this is a commitment to reduce water use and maximize reuse of in-mill process streams. Some companies pursued bleach plant closure, and many have been successful in eliminating a portion of their bleaching wastewaters. However, the difficulties inherent in closing bleach plants are considerable. For many mills the optimal solution has been found to be a high degree of closure coupled with external biological treatment of the remaining process effluent. No bleach plants at papergrade bleached kraft mills are known to be operating effluent-free on a continuous basis. This paper reviews the important worldwide technological developments and mill experiences in the 1990s that were focused on minimizing environmental impacts of pulp manufacturing operations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Water Science & Technology is the property of IWA Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Engineering Source
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DbLabel: Engineering Source
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PubType: Academic Journal
PubTypeId: academicJournal
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  Data: Pulp mill process closure: a review of global technology developments and mill experiences in the 1990s.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Water+Science+%26+Technology%22">Water Science & Technology</searchLink>. 2004, Vol. 50 Issue 3, p183-194. 12p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Water+quality+management%22">Water quality management</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Pulp+mill+waste+disposal%22">Pulp mill waste disposal</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Pulp+mills%22">Pulp mills</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Bleaching+%28Chemistry%29%22">Bleaching (Chemistry)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Wastewater+treatment%22">Wastewater treatment</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mills+%26+mill-work%22">Mills & mill-work</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Biological+treatment+of+water%22">Biological treatment of water</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Industrial+wastes%22">Industrial wastes</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22History%22">History</searchLink>
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  Data: The impact of effluent discharges continues to be an important issue for the pulp manufacturing industry. Considerable progress has been made in pollution prevention to minimize waste generation, socalled manufacturing "process closure." Since the mid-1980s many important technologies have been developed and implemented, many of these in response to organochlorine concerns. Zero effluent operation is now a reality for a few bleached chemi-thermomechanical pulp (BCTMP) pulp mills. In kraft pulp manufacturing, important developments include widespread adoption of new cooking techniques, oxygen delignification, closed screening, improved process control, new bleaching methods, and systems that minimize pulping liquor losses. Coupled to this is a commitment to reduce water use and maximize reuse of in-mill process streams. Some companies pursued bleach plant closure, and many have been successful in eliminating a portion of their bleaching wastewaters. However, the difficulties inherent in closing bleach plants are considerable. For many mills the optimal solution has been found to be a high degree of closure coupled with external biological treatment of the remaining process effluent. No bleach plants at papergrade bleached kraft mills are known to be operating effluent-free on a continuous basis. This paper reviews the important worldwide technological developments and mill experiences in the 1990s that were focused on minimizing environmental impacts of pulp manufacturing operations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Water Science & Technology is the property of IWA Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.2166/wst.2004.0192
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        Text: English
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        PageCount: 12
        StartPage: 183
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      – SubjectFull: Water quality management
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Pulp mill waste disposal
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Pulp mills
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Bleaching (Chemistry)
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      – SubjectFull: Wastewater treatment
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Mills & mill-work
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      – SubjectFull: Biological treatment of water
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      – SubjectFull: Industrial wastes
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      – SubjectFull: History
        Type: general
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      – TitleFull: Pulp mill process closure: a review of global technology developments and mill experiences in the 1990s.
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              Text: 2004
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