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Toxicity of urban highway runoff with respect to storm duration

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Title: Toxicity of urban highway runoff with respect to storm duration
Authors: Kayhanian, M.1 mdkayhanian@ucdavis.edu, Stransky, C.2 chris@nautilusenvironmental.com, Bay, S.3 steveb@sccwrp.org, Lau, S.-L.4 simlin@ucla.edu, Stenstrom, M.K.4 stenstro@seas.ucla.edu
Source: Science of the Total Environment. Jan2008, Vol. 389 Issue 2/3, p386-406. 21p.
Subjects: Hydrologic cycle, Water pollution, Waste products, Sea urchins, Green algae, Cyprinidae, Aquatic resources, Toxicity testing
Geographic Terms: California
Abstract: Abstract: The toxicity of stormwater runoff during various time-based stages was measured in both grab and composite samples collected from three highly urbanized highway sites in Los Angeles, California between 2002 and 2005. Stormwater runoff samples were tested for toxicity using three freshwater species (the water flea Ceriodaphnia dubia, the fathead minnow Pimephales promelas, and the green algae Pseudokirchneriella subcapitatum) and two marine species (the purple sea urchin Strongylocentrotus purpuratus, and the luminescent bacteria Photobacterium phosphoreum using Microtox™). Toxicity results varied substantially throughout the storm events for both freshwater and marine species toxicity tests. In general, however, the first few samples were found to be more toxic compared with those collected during later stages of each storm event. In most cases, more than 40% of the toxicity was associated with the first 20% of discharged runoff volume. Furthermore, on average, 90% of the toxicity was observed during the first 30% of storm duration. Toxicity identification evaluation results found copper and zinc to be the primary cause of toxicity in about 90% of the samples evaluated with these procedures. Surfactants were also found to be the cause of toxicity in less than 10% of the samples. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
Copyright of Science of the Total Environment is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Engineering Source
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Header DbId: egs
DbLabel: Engineering Source
An: 27531345
AccessLevel: 6
PubType: Academic Journal
PubTypeId: academicJournal
PreciseRelevancyScore: 0
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  Data: Toxicity of urban highway runoff with respect to storm duration
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kayhanian%2C+M%2E%22">Kayhanian, M.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> mdkayhanian@ucdavis.edu</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Stransky%2C+C%2E%22">Stransky, C.</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo><i> chris@nautilusenvironmental.com</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Bay%2C+S%2E%22">Bay, S.</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo><i> steveb@sccwrp.org</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Lau%2C+S%2E-L%2E%22">Lau, S.-L.</searchLink><relatesTo>4</relatesTo><i> simlin@ucla.edu</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Stenstrom%2C+M%2EK%2E%22">Stenstrom, M.K.</searchLink><relatesTo>4</relatesTo><i> stenstro@seas.ucla.edu</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Science+of+the+Total+Environment%22">Science of the Total Environment</searchLink>. Jan2008, Vol. 389 Issue 2/3, p386-406. 21p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Hydrologic+cycle%22">Hydrologic cycle</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Water+pollution%22">Water pollution</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Waste+products%22">Waste products</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Sea+urchins%22">Sea urchins</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Green+algae%22">Green algae</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cyprinidae%22">Cyprinidae</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Aquatic+resources%22">Aquatic resources</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Toxicity+testing%22">Toxicity testing</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22California%22">California</searchLink>
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  Label: Abstract
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  Data: Abstract: The toxicity of stormwater runoff during various time-based stages was measured in both grab and composite samples collected from three highly urbanized highway sites in Los Angeles, California between 2002 and 2005. Stormwater runoff samples were tested for toxicity using three freshwater species (the water flea Ceriodaphnia dubia, the fathead minnow Pimephales promelas, and the green algae Pseudokirchneriella subcapitatum) and two marine species (the purple sea urchin Strongylocentrotus purpuratus, and the luminescent bacteria Photobacterium phosphoreum using Microtox™). Toxicity results varied substantially throughout the storm events for both freshwater and marine species toxicity tests. In general, however, the first few samples were found to be more toxic compared with those collected during later stages of each storm event. In most cases, more than 40% of the toxicity was associated with the first 20% of discharged runoff volume. Furthermore, on average, 90% of the toxicity was observed during the first 30% of storm duration. Toxicity identification evaluation results found copper and zinc to be the primary cause of toxicity in about 90% of the samples evaluated with these procedures. Surfactants were also found to be the cause of toxicity in less than 10% of the samples. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
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  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Science of the Total Environment is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
PLink https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&db=egs&AN=27531345
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2007.08.052
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 21
        StartPage: 386
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Hydrologic cycle
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Water pollution
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Waste products
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Sea urchins
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Green algae
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Cyprinidae
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Aquatic resources
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Toxicity testing
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: California
        Type: general
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      – TitleFull: Toxicity of urban highway runoff with respect to storm duration
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            NameFull: Bay, S.
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              Text: Jan2008
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              Y: 2008
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              Value: 389
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              Value: 2/3
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