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Low genomic diversity in tropical oceanic N2-fixing cyanobacteria.

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Title: Low genomic diversity in tropical oceanic N2-fixing cyanobacteria.
Authors: Zehr, onathan P.1 zehrj@ucsc.edu, Bench, Shellie R.1, Mondragon, Elizabeth A.1, McCarren, Jay2, Delong, Edward F.1
Source: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 11/6/2007, Vol. 104 Issue 45, p17807-17812. 6p. 2 Charts, 1 Graph.
Subjects: Genomics, Cyanobacteria, Genomes, Nitrogen fixation, Nucleotides, Microbiology, Biochemistry
Abstract: High levels of genomic and allelic microvariation have been found in major marine planktonic microbial species, including the ubiquitous open ocean cyanobacterium, Prochiorococcus marinus. Crocosphaera watsonhi is a unicellular cyanobacterium that has recently been shown to be important in oceanic N2 fixation and has been reported from the Atlantic and Pacific oceans in both hemispheres, and the Arabian Sea. In direct contrast to the current observations of genomic variability in marine non-N2-fixing planktonic cyanobacteria. which can range up to >15% nucleotide sequence divergence, we discovered that the marine planktonic nitrogen-fixing cyanobacterial genus Crocosphaera has remarkably low genomic diversity, with <1% nucleotide sequence divergence in several genes among widely distributed populations and strains. The cultivated C. watsonhi WH8501 genome sequence was virtually identical to DNA sequences of large metagenomic fragments cloned from the sub-tropical North Pacific Ocean with <1% sequence divergence even in intergenic regions. Thus, there appears to be multiple strategies for evolution, adaptation, and diversification in oceanic microbial populations. The C. watsonhi genome contains multiple copies of several families of transposases that may be involved in maintaining genetic diversity through genome re-arrangements. Although genomic diversity seems to be the rule in many, if not most, marine microbial lineages, different forces may control the evolution and diversification in low abundance microorganisms, such as the nitrogenfixing cyanobacteria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America is the property of National Academy of Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: High levels of genomic and allelic microvariation have been found in major marine planktonic microbial species, including the ubiquitous open ocean cyanobacterium, Prochiorococcus marinus. Crocosphaera watsonhi is a unicellular cyanobacterium that has recently been shown to be important in oceanic N2 fixation and has been reported from the Atlantic and Pacific oceans in both hemispheres, and the Arabian Sea. In direct contrast to the current observations of genomic variability in marine non-N2-fixing planktonic cyanobacteria. which can range up to &gt;15% nucleotide sequence divergence, we discovered that the marine planktonic nitrogen-fixing cyanobacterial genus Crocosphaera has remarkably low genomic diversity, with &lt;1% nucleotide sequence divergence in several genes among widely distributed populations and strains. The cultivated C. watsonhi WH8501 genome sequence was virtually identical to DNA sequences of large metagenomic fragments cloned from the sub-tropical North Pacific Ocean with &lt;1% sequence divergence even in intergenic regions. Thus, there appears to be multiple strategies for evolution, adaptation, and diversification in oceanic microbial populations. The C. watsonhi genome contains multiple copies of several families of transposases that may be involved in maintaining genetic diversity through genome re-arrangements. Although genomic diversity seems to be the rule in many, if not most, marine microbial lineages, different forces may control the evolution and diversification in low abundance microorganisms, such as the nitrogenfixing cyanobacteria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: &lt;i&gt;Copyright of Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America is the property of National Academy of Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder&#39;s express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.&lt;/i&gt; (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1073/pnas.0701017104
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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      Pagination:
        PageCount: 6
        StartPage: 17807
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Genomics
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Cyanobacteria
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Genomes
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Nitrogen fixation
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Nucleotides
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Microbiology
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Biochemistry
        Type: general
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      – TitleFull: Low genomic diversity in tropical oceanic N2-fixing cyanobacteria.
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            NameFull: Zehr, onathan P.
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            NameFull: Mondragon, Elizabeth A.
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              M: 11
              Text: 11/6/2007
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              Y: 2007
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