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Linear and nonlinear optics, dynamics, and lasing in ZnO bulk and nanostructures

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Title: Linear and nonlinear optics, dynamics, and lasing in ZnO bulk and nanostructures
Authors: Klingshirn, C.1 claus.Klingshirn@physik.uni-karlsruhe.de, Fallert, J.1, Gogolin, O.2, Wissinger, M.1, Hauschild, R.1, Hauser, M.1, Kalt, H.1, Zhou, H.1
Source: Journal of Luminescence. May2008, Vol. 128 Issue 5/6, p792-796. 5p.
Subjects: Nonlinear optics, Luminescence, Nanostructures, Optics
Abstract: Abstract: In linear optics, we report on measurements of the absolute external quantum efficiency of bulk ZnO and powders using an integrating sphere. At low temperature the near band edge emission efficiency can reach 0.15 in the best samples. For deep center luminescence this value may be even higher. When going to room temperature (RT) the quantum efficiency drops by about one order of magnitude. From time resolved luminescence measurements we deduce the lifetime of the free and bound excitons to be in the sub ns regime and find for the latter a systematic increase with increasing binding energy. Concerning lasing, we discuss the role of excitonic processes and the recombination in an inverted electron–hole plasma (EHP). While excitonic processes seem well justified at lower temperatures and densities, doubts arise concerning the concept of excitonic lasing at RT in ZnO. The densities at laser threshold at RT are frequently close to the Mott density or above but below the density at which population inversion in an EHP is reached. We suggest alternative processes which can explain stimulated emission in this density regime in an EHP at RT. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
Copyright of Journal of Luminescence is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Engineering Source
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Header DbId: egs
DbLabel: Engineering Source
An: 31308034
AccessLevel: 6
PubType: Academic Journal
PubTypeId: academicJournal
PreciseRelevancyScore: 0
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  Data: Linear and nonlinear optics, dynamics, and lasing in ZnO bulk and nanostructures
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Klingshirn%2C+C%2E%22">Klingshirn, C.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> claus.Klingshirn@physik.uni-karlsruhe.de</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Fallert%2C+J%2E%22">Fallert, J.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Gogolin%2C+O%2E%22">Gogolin, O.</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wissinger%2C+M%2E%22">Wissinger, M.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hauschild%2C+R%2E%22">Hauschild, R.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hauser%2C+M%2E%22">Hauser, M.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kalt%2C+H%2E%22">Kalt, H.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zhou%2C+H%2E%22">Zhou, H.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+Luminescence%22">Journal of Luminescence</searchLink>. May2008, Vol. 128 Issue 5/6, p792-796. 5p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Nonlinear+optics%22">Nonlinear optics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Luminescence%22">Luminescence</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Nanostructures%22">Nanostructures</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Optics%22">Optics</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
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  Data: Abstract: In linear optics, we report on measurements of the absolute external quantum efficiency of bulk ZnO and powders using an integrating sphere. At low temperature the near band edge emission efficiency can reach 0.15 in the best samples. For deep center luminescence this value may be even higher. When going to room temperature (RT) the quantum efficiency drops by about one order of magnitude. From time resolved luminescence measurements we deduce the lifetime of the free and bound excitons to be in the sub ns regime and find for the latter a systematic increase with increasing binding energy. Concerning lasing, we discuss the role of excitonic processes and the recombination in an inverted electron–hole plasma (EHP). While excitonic processes seem well justified at lower temperatures and densities, doubts arise concerning the concept of excitonic lasing at RT in ZnO. The densities at laser threshold at RT are frequently close to the Mott density or above but below the density at which population inversion in an EHP is reached. We suggest alternative processes which can explain stimulated emission in this density regime in an EHP at RT. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Luminescence is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1016/j.jlumin.2007.11.010
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 5
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        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Luminescence
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      – SubjectFull: Nanostructures
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      – SubjectFull: Optics
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              Text: May2008
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