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Estimates of Canadian Arctic Archipelago runoff from observed hydrometric data

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Title: Estimates of Canadian Arctic Archipelago runoff from observed hydrometric data
Authors: Spence, Christopher chris.spence@ec.gc.ca, Burke, Amanda1
Source: Journal of Hydrology. Dec2008, Vol. 362 Issue 3/4, p247-259. 13p.
Subjects: Runoff, Water quality management, Water vapor transport, Streamflow, Hydraulic measurements, Confidence intervals
Geographic Terms: Arctic Archipelago (Nunavut & N.W.T.), Nunavut, Northwest Territories
Abstract: Summary: Small basin studies in the remote Canadian Arctic Archipelago have revealed the general nature of runoff processes and the annual rhythms and magnitude of streamflow in the region, but widespread monitoring of hydrological cycle components is absent. The result is that an understanding of large scale freshwater fluxes from the Arctic Archipelago does not exist. Such understanding is important for sound domestic water management decisions and international obligations to quantify Canada’s freshwater supply to the oceans. The study summarized by this paper, initiated under the auspices of the International Polar Year, extrapolated observed streamflow attributes across the Arctic Archipelago using statistical regionalization tools. The paucity of hydrometric data necessitated the construction of a dataset, which was limited to the period from 1972 to 1994. Reliable estimates of mean May–October freshwater flux were possible from ∼70% of the Archipelago and these total ∼190km3. Maximum daily runoff can be up to 13% of the total annual flux from some catchments. Flows were highest from southern Baffin Island, decreasing westward. The scarcity of data compelled an error analysis that showed average confidence intervals around constructed and regionalized data of ±123% and ±63%, respectively. Dataset construction errors were inversely related to basin area. There was no spatial pattern to the dataset construction errors, but regionalization error tended to be higher in the west. It will be argued that our community has little to no idea of the current freshwater flux from the Arctic Archipelago, or if it is changing. Much work is needed to improve these estimates, including establishing a sustainable, effective and efficient monitoring and research program of high arctic freshwater systems that can build upon the legacy of the International Polar Year. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
Copyright of Journal of Hydrology is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Engineering Source
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Header DbId: egs
DbLabel: Engineering Source
An: 35075009
AccessLevel: 6
PubType: Academic Journal
PubTypeId: academicJournal
PreciseRelevancyScore: 0
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Items – Name: Title
  Label: Title
  Group: Ti
  Data: Estimates of Canadian Arctic Archipelago runoff from observed hydrometric data
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Spence%2C+Christopher%22">Spence, Christopher</searchLink><i> chris.spence@ec.gc.ca</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Burke%2C+Amanda%22">Burke, Amanda</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+Hydrology%22">Journal of Hydrology</searchLink>. Dec2008, Vol. 362 Issue 3/4, p247-259. 13p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Runoff%22">Runoff</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Water+quality+management%22">Water quality management</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Water+vapor+transport%22">Water vapor transport</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Streamflow%22">Streamflow</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Hydraulic+measurements%22">Hydraulic measurements</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Confidence+intervals%22">Confidence intervals</searchLink>
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  Label: Geographic Terms
  Group: Su
  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Arctic+Archipelago+%28Nunavut+%26+N%2EW%2ET%2E%29%22">Arctic Archipelago (Nunavut & N.W.T.)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Nunavut%22">Nunavut</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Northwest+Territories%22">Northwest Territories</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Summary: Small basin studies in the remote Canadian Arctic Archipelago have revealed the general nature of runoff processes and the annual rhythms and magnitude of streamflow in the region, but widespread monitoring of hydrological cycle components is absent. The result is that an understanding of large scale freshwater fluxes from the Arctic Archipelago does not exist. Such understanding is important for sound domestic water management decisions and international obligations to quantify Canada’s freshwater supply to the oceans. The study summarized by this paper, initiated under the auspices of the International Polar Year, extrapolated observed streamflow attributes across the Arctic Archipelago using statistical regionalization tools. The paucity of hydrometric data necessitated the construction of a dataset, which was limited to the period from 1972 to 1994. Reliable estimates of mean May–October freshwater flux were possible from ∼70% of the Archipelago and these total ∼190km3. Maximum daily runoff can be up to 13% of the total annual flux from some catchments. Flows were highest from southern Baffin Island, decreasing westward. The scarcity of data compelled an error analysis that showed average confidence intervals around constructed and regionalized data of ±123% and ±63%, respectively. Dataset construction errors were inversely related to basin area. There was no spatial pattern to the dataset construction errors, but regionalization error tended to be higher in the west. It will be argued that our community has little to no idea of the current freshwater flux from the Arctic Archipelago, or if it is changing. Much work is needed to improve these estimates, including establishing a sustainable, effective and efficient monitoring and research program of high arctic freshwater systems that can build upon the legacy of the International Polar Year. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Hydrology is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
  BibEntity:
    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2008.08.019
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 13
        StartPage: 247
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Runoff
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Water quality management
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Water vapor transport
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Streamflow
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Hydraulic measurements
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Confidence intervals
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Arctic Archipelago (Nunavut & N.W.T.)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Nunavut
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Northwest Territories
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Estimates of Canadian Arctic Archipelago runoff from observed hydrometric data
        Type: main
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      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Spence, Christopher
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Burke, Amanda
    IsPartOfRelationships:
      – BibEntity:
          Dates:
            – D: 05
              M: 12
              Text: Dec2008
              Type: published
              Y: 2008
          Identifiers:
            – Type: issn-print
              Value: 00221694
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              Value: 362
            – Type: issue
              Value: 3/4
          Titles:
            – TitleFull: Journal of Hydrology
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