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Effects of Stronach Dam removal on fluvial geomorphology in the Pine River, Michigan, United States

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Title: Effects of Stronach Dam removal on fluvial geomorphology in the Pine River, Michigan, United States
Authors: Burroughs, Bryan A. burrou15@msu.edu, Hayes, Daniel B. hayesdan@msu.edu, Klomp, Kristi D.1 klompkri@voyager.net, Hansen, Jonathan F.1 hansen53@msu.edu, Mistak, Jessica mistakjl@michigan.gov
Source: Geomorphology. Sep2009, Vol. 110 Issue 3/4, p96-107. 12p.
Subjects: Dams, Fluvial geomorphology, River sediments, River channels, Erosion
Geographic Terms: United States, Pine River (Saint Clair County, Mich.), Saint Clair County (Mich.), Michigan
Abstract: Abstract: Although dam removal has been increasingly used as an option in dam management, and as a river restoration tool, few studies provide detailed quantitative assessment of the geomorphological response of rivers to dam removal. In this study, we document the response of the Pine River, Michigan, to the gradual removal of Stronach Dam. In 1996, prior to the initiation of removal, 31 permanent cross-sectional transects were established in the 10-km study area. These transects were surveyed annually during the course of the removal (1996–2003) and for the three years following removal (2004–2006). Dam removal resulted in progressive headcutting of sediments in the former impoundment, extending upstream 3.89 km of the dam. Over the course of the 10 years since dam removal was initiated, a net total of 92000 m3 of sediment erosion occurred. The majority of sediments stored in the former reservoir remained in place, with only 12% of the estimated reservoir sediment fill being eroded. Approximately 14% of the net erosion was deposited within the stream channel 1 km downstream of the dam location, with the remainder being transported further downstream or deposited in the floodplain. Sediment fill incision resulted in a narrower and deeper channel upstream, with higher mean water velocity and somewhat coarser substrates. Downstream deposition resulted in a wider and shallower channel, with little change in substrate size composition. Counter-intuitively, water velocity also increased downstream because of the increased slope that developed. Prior to removal, bedforms in the former impoundment were dominated by runs but are showing signs of restoration toward reference conditions. Continuing changes in river geomorphology are evident even three years following removal and are likely to occur for years to come. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
Copyright of Geomorphology is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Engineering Source
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Header DbId: egs
DbLabel: Engineering Source
An: 43524553
AccessLevel: 6
PubType: Academic Journal
PubTypeId: academicJournal
PreciseRelevancyScore: 0
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  Label: Title
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  Data: Effects of Stronach Dam removal on fluvial geomorphology in the Pine River, Michigan, United States
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Burroughs%2C+Bryan+A%2E%22">Burroughs, Bryan A.</searchLink><i> burrou15@msu.edu</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hayes%2C+Daniel+B%2E%22">Hayes, Daniel B.</searchLink><i> hayesdan@msu.edu</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Klomp%2C+Kristi+D%2E%22">Klomp, Kristi D.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> klompkri@voyager.net</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hansen%2C+Jonathan+F%2E%22">Hansen, Jonathan F.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> hansen53@msu.edu</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Mistak%2C+Jessica%22">Mistak, Jessica</searchLink><i> mistakjl@michigan.gov</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Geomorphology%22">Geomorphology</searchLink>. Sep2009, Vol. 110 Issue 3/4, p96-107. 12p.
– Name: Subject
  Label: Subjects
  Group: Su
  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Dams%22">Dams</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Fluvial+geomorphology%22">Fluvial geomorphology</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22River+sediments%22">River sediments</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22River+channels%22">River channels</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Erosion%22">Erosion</searchLink>
– Name: SubjectGeographic
  Label: Geographic Terms
  Group: Su
  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22United+States%22">United States</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Pine+River+%28Saint+Clair+County%2C+Mich%2E%29%22">Pine River (Saint Clair County, Mich.)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Saint+Clair+County+%28Mich%2E%29%22">Saint Clair County (Mich.)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Michigan%22">Michigan</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Abstract: Although dam removal has been increasingly used as an option in dam management, and as a river restoration tool, few studies provide detailed quantitative assessment of the geomorphological response of rivers to dam removal. In this study, we document the response of the Pine River, Michigan, to the gradual removal of Stronach Dam. In 1996, prior to the initiation of removal, 31 permanent cross-sectional transects were established in the 10-km study area. These transects were surveyed annually during the course of the removal (1996–2003) and for the three years following removal (2004–2006). Dam removal resulted in progressive headcutting of sediments in the former impoundment, extending upstream 3.89 km of the dam. Over the course of the 10 years since dam removal was initiated, a net total of 92000 m3 of sediment erosion occurred. The majority of sediments stored in the former reservoir remained in place, with only 12% of the estimated reservoir sediment fill being eroded. Approximately 14% of the net erosion was deposited within the stream channel 1 km downstream of the dam location, with the remainder being transported further downstream or deposited in the floodplain. Sediment fill incision resulted in a narrower and deeper channel upstream, with higher mean water velocity and somewhat coarser substrates. Downstream deposition resulted in a wider and shallower channel, with little change in substrate size composition. Counter-intuitively, water velocity also increased downstream because of the increased slope that developed. Prior to removal, bedforms in the former impoundment were dominated by runs but are showing signs of restoration toward reference conditions. Continuing changes in river geomorphology are evident even three years following removal and are likely to occur for years to come. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Geomorphology is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
PLink https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&db=egs&AN=43524553
RecordInfo BibRecord:
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1016/j.geomorph.2009.03.019
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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      Pagination:
        PageCount: 12
        StartPage: 96
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Dams
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Fluvial geomorphology
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: River sediments
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: River channels
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Erosion
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: United States
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Pine River (Saint Clair County, Mich.)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Saint Clair County (Mich.)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Michigan
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Effects of Stronach Dam removal on fluvial geomorphology in the Pine River, Michigan, United States
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            NameFull: Hayes, Daniel B.
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            NameFull: Klomp, Kristi D.
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            NameFull: Hansen, Jonathan F.
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            – D: 15
              M: 09
              Text: Sep2009
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              Y: 2009
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              Value: 110
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