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Search for evidence of life in space: Analysis of enantiomeric organic molecules by N,N-dimethylformamide dimethylacetal derivative dependant Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry

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Title: Search for evidence of life in space: Analysis of enantiomeric organic molecules by N,N-dimethylformamide dimethylacetal derivative dependant Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Freissinet, C.1,2 caroline.freissinet@ecp.fr, Buch, A.1, Sternberg, R.2, Szopa, C.3, Geffroy-Rodier, C.4, Jelinek, C.5, Stambouli, M.1
Source: Journal of Chromatography A. Jan2010, Vol. 1217 Issue 5, p731-740. 10p.
Subjects: Dimethylformamide, Enantiomers, Acetone, Gas chromatography/Mass spectrometry (GC-MS), Surfaces (Technology), Chirality, Derivatization, Organic compounds, Amino acids
Abstract: Abstract: Within the context of the future space missions to Mars (MSL 2011 and Exomars 2016), which aim at searching for traces of life at the surface, the detection and quantitation of enantiomeric organic molecules is of major importance. In this work, we have developed and optimized a method to derivatize and analyze chiral organic molecules suitable for space experiments, using N,N-dimethylformamide dimethylacetal (DMF-DMA) as the derivatization agent. The temperature, duration of the derivatization reaction, and chromatographic separation parameters have been optimized to meet instrument design constraints imposed upon space experiment devices. This work demonstrates that, in addition to its intrinsic qualities, such as production of light-weight derivatives and a great resistance to drastic operating conditions, DMF-DMA facilitates simple and fast derivatization of organic compounds (three minutes at 140°C in a single-step) that is suitable for an in situ analysis in space. By using DMF-DMA as the derivatization agent, we have successfully identified 19 of the 20 proteinic amino acids and been able to enantiomerically separate ten of the potential 19 (glycine being non-chiral). Additionally, we have minimized the percentage of racemized amino acid compounds produced by optimizing the conditions of the derivatization reaction itself. Quantitative linearity studies and the determination of the limit of detection show that the proposed method is also suitable for the quantitative determination of both enantiomeric forms of most of the tested amino acids, as limits of detection obtained are lower than the ppb level of organic molecules already detected in Martian meteorites. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
Copyright of Journal of Chromatography A is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Search for evidence of life in space: Analysis of enantiomeric organic molecules by N,N-dimethylformamide dimethylacetal derivative dependant Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Freissinet%2C+C%2E%22">Freissinet, C.</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo><i> caroline.freissinet@ecp.fr</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Buch%2C+A%2E%22">Buch, A.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Sternberg%2C+R%2E%22">Sternberg, R.</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Szopa%2C+C%2E%22">Szopa, C.</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Geffroy-Rodier%2C+C%2E%22">Geffroy-Rodier, C.</searchLink><relatesTo>4</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Jelinek%2C+C%2E%22">Jelinek, C.</searchLink><relatesTo>5</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Stambouli%2C+M%2E%22">Stambouli, M.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+Chromatography+A%22">Journal of Chromatography A</searchLink>. Jan2010, Vol. 1217 Issue 5, p731-740. 10p.
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  Data: Abstract: Within the context of the future space missions to Mars (MSL 2011 and Exomars 2016), which aim at searching for traces of life at the surface, the detection and quantitation of enantiomeric organic molecules is of major importance. In this work, we have developed and optimized a method to derivatize and analyze chiral organic molecules suitable for space experiments, using N,N-dimethylformamide dimethylacetal (DMF-DMA) as the derivatization agent. The temperature, duration of the derivatization reaction, and chromatographic separation parameters have been optimized to meet instrument design constraints imposed upon space experiment devices. This work demonstrates that, in addition to its intrinsic qualities, such as production of light-weight derivatives and a great resistance to drastic operating conditions, DMF-DMA facilitates simple and fast derivatization of organic compounds (three minutes at 140°C in a single-step) that is suitable for an in situ analysis in space. By using DMF-DMA as the derivatization agent, we have successfully identified 19 of the 20 proteinic amino acids and been able to enantiomerically separate ten of the potential 19 (glycine being non-chiral). Additionally, we have minimized the percentage of racemized amino acid compounds produced by optimizing the conditions of the derivatization reaction itself. Quantitative linearity studies and the determination of the limit of detection show that the proposed method is also suitable for the quantitative determination of both enantiomeric forms of most of the tested amino acids, as limits of detection obtained are lower than the ppb level of organic molecules already detected in Martian meteorites. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Chromatography A is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1016/j.chroma.2009.11.009
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        Text: English
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        PageCount: 10
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    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Dimethylformamide
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Enantiomers
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      – SubjectFull: Acetone
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      – SubjectFull: Gas chromatography/Mass spectrometry (GC-MS)
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      – SubjectFull: Surfaces (Technology)
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      – SubjectFull: Chirality
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      – SubjectFull: Derivatization
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      – SubjectFull: Amino acids
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      – TitleFull: Search for evidence of life in space: Analysis of enantiomeric organic molecules by N,N-dimethylformamide dimethylacetal derivative dependant Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry
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              Text: Jan2010
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