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Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and c-myc expression are the determinants of cetuximab-induced enhancement of squamous cell carcinoma radioresponse

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Title: Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and c-myc expression are the determinants of cetuximab-induced enhancement of squamous cell carcinoma radioresponse
Authors: Skvortsova, Ira1 Ira.Skvortsova@i-med.ac.at, Skvortsov, Sergej1, Raju, Uma2, Stasyk, Taras3, Riesterer, Oliver2,4, Schottdorf, Eva-Maria1, Popper, Bela-Andre1, Schiestl, Bernhard1, Eichberger, Paul1, Debbage, Paul5, Neher, Andreas1, Bonn, Guenther K.6, Huber, Lukas A.3, Milas, Luka2, Lukas, Peter1
Source: Radiotherapy & Oncology. Jul2010, Vol. 96 Issue 1, p108-115. 8p.
Subjects: Epithelial cells, Squamous cell carcinoma, Myc proteins, Neovascularization, Cetuximab, Gene expression, Cancer radiotherapy, Epidermal growth factor, Patients
Abstract: Abstract: Purpose: Radiation therapy cures malignant tumors of the head and neck region more effectively when it is combined with application of the anti-EGFR monoclonal antibody cetuximab. Despite the successes achieved, we still do not know how to select patients who will respond to this combination of anti-EGFR monoclonal antibody and radiation. This study was conducted to elucidate possible mechanisms which cause the combined treatment with cetuximab and irradiation to fail in some cases of squamous cell carcinomas. Methods and materials: Mice bearing FaDu and A431 squamous cell carcinoma xenograft tumors were treated with cetuximab (total dose 3mg, intraperitoneally), irradiation (10Gy) or their combination at the same doses. Treatment was applied when tumors reached 8mm in size. To collect samples for further protein analysis (two-dimensional differential gel electrophoresis (2-D DIGE), mass spectrometry MALDI-TOF/TOF, Western blot analysis, and ELISA), mice from each group were sacrificed on the 8th day after the first injection of cetuximab. Other mice were subjected to tumor growth delay assay. Results: In FaDu xenografts, treatment with cetuximab alone was nearly as effective as cetuximab combined with ionizing radiation, whereas A431 tumors responded to the combined treatment with significantly enhanced delay in tumor growth. Tumors extracted from the untreated FaDu and A431 xenografts were analysed for protein expression, and 34 proteins that were differently expressed in the two tumor types were identified. The majority of these proteins are closely related to intratumoral angiogenesis, cell adhesion, motility, differentiation, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), c-myc signaling and DNA repair. Conclusions: The failure of cetuximab to enhance radiation response in FaDu xenografts was associated with the initiation of the program of EMT and with c-myc up-regulation in the carcinoma cells. For this reason, c-myc and EMT-related proteins (E-cadherin, vimentin) may be considered as potential biomarkers to predict squamous cell carcinoma response after treatment with cetuximab in combination with radiation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
Copyright of Radiotherapy & Oncology is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and c-myc expression are the determinants of cetuximab-induced enhancement of squamous cell carcinoma radioresponse
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Skvortsova%2C+Ira%22">Skvortsova, Ira</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> Ira.Skvortsova@i-med.ac.at</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Skvortsov%2C+Sergej%22">Skvortsov, Sergej</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Raju%2C+Uma%22">Raju, Uma</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Stasyk%2C+Taras%22">Stasyk, Taras</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Riesterer%2C+Oliver%22">Riesterer, Oliver</searchLink><relatesTo>2,4</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Schottdorf%2C+Eva-Maria%22">Schottdorf, Eva-Maria</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Popper%2C+Bela-Andre%22">Popper, Bela-Andre</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Schiestl%2C+Bernhard%22">Schiestl, Bernhard</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Eichberger%2C+Paul%22">Eichberger, Paul</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Debbage%2C+Paul%22">Debbage, Paul</searchLink><relatesTo>5</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Neher%2C+Andreas%22">Neher, Andreas</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Bonn%2C+Guenther+K%2E%22">Bonn, Guenther K.</searchLink><relatesTo>6</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Huber%2C+Lukas+A%2E%22">Huber, Lukas A.</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Milas%2C+Luka%22">Milas, Luka</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Lukas%2C+Peter%22">Lukas, Peter</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Radiotherapy+%26+Oncology%22">Radiotherapy & Oncology</searchLink>. Jul2010, Vol. 96 Issue 1, p108-115. 8p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Epithelial+cells%22">Epithelial cells</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Squamous+cell+carcinoma%22">Squamous cell carcinoma</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Myc+proteins%22">Myc proteins</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Neovascularization%22">Neovascularization</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cetuximab%22">Cetuximab</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Gene+expression%22">Gene expression</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cancer+radiotherapy%22">Cancer radiotherapy</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Epidermal+growth+factor%22">Epidermal growth factor</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Patients%22">Patients</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Abstract: Purpose: Radiation therapy cures malignant tumors of the head and neck region more effectively when it is combined with application of the anti-EGFR monoclonal antibody cetuximab. Despite the successes achieved, we still do not know how to select patients who will respond to this combination of anti-EGFR monoclonal antibody and radiation. This study was conducted to elucidate possible mechanisms which cause the combined treatment with cetuximab and irradiation to fail in some cases of squamous cell carcinomas. Methods and materials: Mice bearing FaDu and A431 squamous cell carcinoma xenograft tumors were treated with cetuximab (total dose 3mg, intraperitoneally), irradiation (10Gy) or their combination at the same doses. Treatment was applied when tumors reached 8mm in size. To collect samples for further protein analysis (two-dimensional differential gel electrophoresis (2-D DIGE), mass spectrometry MALDI-TOF/TOF, Western blot analysis, and ELISA), mice from each group were sacrificed on the 8th day after the first injection of cetuximab. Other mice were subjected to tumor growth delay assay. Results: In FaDu xenografts, treatment with cetuximab alone was nearly as effective as cetuximab combined with ionizing radiation, whereas A431 tumors responded to the combined treatment with significantly enhanced delay in tumor growth. Tumors extracted from the untreated FaDu and A431 xenografts were analysed for protein expression, and 34 proteins that were differently expressed in the two tumor types were identified. The majority of these proteins are closely related to intratumoral angiogenesis, cell adhesion, motility, differentiation, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), c-myc signaling and DNA repair. Conclusions: The failure of cetuximab to enhance radiation response in FaDu xenografts was associated with the initiation of the program of EMT and with c-myc up-regulation in the carcinoma cells. For this reason, c-myc and EMT-related proteins (E-cadherin, vimentin) may be considered as potential biomarkers to predict squamous cell carcinoma response after treatment with cetuximab in combination with radiation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Radiotherapy & Oncology is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1016/j.radonc.2010.04.017
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