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Perspectives to produce positively or negatively charged polyhydroxyalkanoic acids.

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Title: Perspectives to produce positively or negatively charged polyhydroxyalkanoic acids.
Authors: Scholz, Carmen1 cscholz@chemistry.uah.edu
Source: Applied Microbiology & Biotechnology. Oct2010, Vol. 88 Issue 4, p829-837. 9p.
Subjects: Poly-beta-hydroxyalkanoates, Fermentation, Addition polymerization, Cations, Amino group, Oxidation
Abstract: n overview is provided on the possibilities of producing positively and negatively charged poly(β-hydroxyalkanoates), PHAs. A large variety of bacterial polyesters with functionalized terminal side chains can be produced in microbial fermentation processes by a direct polymerization of respective carbon sources, that is, carbon sources that carry functional groups in their ω-position. However, charged PHAs are not accessible by a direct approach and must be synthesized via polymer-analogous reactions of functionalized bacterial polyesters. PHA polyanions are produced by converting the terminal functional groups into carboxylate groups, while PHA polycations are produced by introducing terminal amino groups. PHAs with terminal vinyl groups emerged as most suitable PHA precursors, as they can be produced in relatively high yields and the double bonds are sufficiently reactive. The oxidation of vinyl groups yields PHA polyanions. The conversion of terminal vinyl groups into epoxides with a subsequent ring-opening reaction with an amine yields PHA polycations. Other functionalized PHA that potentially lend themselves to polymer-analogous reactions are reviewed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Applied Microbiology & Biotechnology is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Perspectives to produce positively or negatively charged polyhydroxyalkanoic acids.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Poly-beta-hydroxyalkanoates%22">Poly-beta-hydroxyalkanoates</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Fermentation%22">Fermentation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Addition+polymerization%22">Addition polymerization</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cations%22">Cations</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Amino+group%22">Amino group</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Oxidation%22">Oxidation</searchLink>
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  Data: n overview is provided on the possibilities of producing positively and negatively charged poly(β-hydroxyalkanoates), PHAs. A large variety of bacterial polyesters with functionalized terminal side chains can be produced in microbial fermentation processes by a direct polymerization of respective carbon sources, that is, carbon sources that carry functional groups in their ω-position. However, charged PHAs are not accessible by a direct approach and must be synthesized via polymer-analogous reactions of functionalized bacterial polyesters. PHA polyanions are produced by converting the terminal functional groups into carboxylate groups, while PHA polycations are produced by introducing terminal amino groups. PHAs with terminal vinyl groups emerged as most suitable PHA precursors, as they can be produced in relatively high yields and the double bonds are sufficiently reactive. The oxidation of vinyl groups yields PHA polyanions. The conversion of terminal vinyl groups into epoxides with a subsequent ring-opening reaction with an amine yields PHA polycations. Other functionalized PHA that potentially lend themselves to polymer-analogous reactions are reviewed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Applied Microbiology & Biotechnology is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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