Empirical study on drainage stack terminal water velocity.
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| Title: | Empirical study on drainage stack terminal water velocity. |
|---|---|
| Authors: | Cheng, CL1, Liao, WJ2, He, KC2, Lin, JL2 |
| Source: | Building Services Engineering Research & Technology. 05/01/2011, Vol. 32 Issue 2, p171-181. 11p. 1 Color Photograph, 4 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 4 Graphs. |
| Subjects: | Buildings, Drainage design & construction, Empirical research, Water, Air pressure, Digital cameras |
| Geographic Terms: | United States |
| Abstract: | A building drainage network is an essential provision of each developed city all over the world. The terminal velocity at discharging drainage stack is a crucial issue as it provides the permitted flow rate of a building drainage system. The National Plumbing Code (NPC) of the US has specified the permitted flow rate for drainage systems. Mathematical expressions for terminal velocity were reported in research studies since the 1920s but discrepancies among calculations remained. This study proposes an empirical approach in determining the terminal velocity in a drainage stack using the air pressure distribution mechanism. New experimental observations of the stack terminal velocity using a digital high-speed video camera were presented as a validation database. The proposed model was validated in terms of the measured terminal velocities and the locations of the maximum air pressure in a discharging stack at a steady water flow rate (1.0, 2.0, 3.0 and 4.0 L/s). This article offers an empirical approach and validation for terminal velocity instead of using the existing deductive approach.Practical applications: This article proposes an empirical approach with experimental validation for terminal velocity at a drainage stack. New evidence presented would lead to a review of the terminal velocity in drainage stacks in future drainage network designs. Due to the importance of terminal velocity, it is anticipated that this result would be used to lead the new technical development of building drainage system. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER] |
| Copyright of Building Services Engineering Research & Technology is the property of Sage Publications, Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) | |
| Database: | Engineering Source |
| FullText | Links: – Type: pdflink Text: Availability: 0 |
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| Header | DbId: egs DbLabel: Engineering Source An: 60221200 AccessLevel: 6 PubType: Academic Journal PubTypeId: academicJournal PreciseRelevancyScore: 0 |
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| Items | – Name: Title Label: Title Group: Ti Data: Empirical study on drainage stack terminal water velocity. – Name: Author Label: Authors Group: Au Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Cheng%2C+CL%22">Cheng, CL</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Liao%2C+WJ%22">Liao, WJ</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22He%2C+KC%22">He, KC</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Lin%2C+JL%22">Lin, JL</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> – Name: TitleSource Label: Source Group: Src Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Building+Services+Engineering+Research+%26+Technology%22">Building Services Engineering Research & Technology</searchLink>. 05/01/2011, Vol. 32 Issue 2, p171-181. 11p. 1 Color Photograph, 4 Diagrams, 1 Chart, 4 Graphs. – Name: Subject Label: Subjects Group: Su Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Buildings%22">Buildings</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Drainage+design+%26+construction%22">Drainage design & construction</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Empirical+research%22">Empirical research</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Water%22">Water</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Air+pressure%22">Air pressure</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Digital+cameras%22">Digital cameras</searchLink> – Name: SubjectGeographic Label: Geographic Terms Group: Su Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22United+States%22">United States</searchLink> – Name: Abstract Label: Abstract Group: Ab Data: A building drainage network is an essential provision of each developed city all over the world. The terminal velocity at discharging drainage stack is a crucial issue as it provides the permitted flow rate of a building drainage system. The National Plumbing Code (NPC) of the US has specified the permitted flow rate for drainage systems. Mathematical expressions for terminal velocity were reported in research studies since the 1920s but discrepancies among calculations remained. This study proposes an empirical approach in determining the terminal velocity in a drainage stack using the air pressure distribution mechanism. New experimental observations of the stack terminal velocity using a digital high-speed video camera were presented as a validation database. The proposed model was validated in terms of the measured terminal velocities and the locations of the maximum air pressure in a discharging stack at a steady water flow rate (1.0, 2.0, 3.0 and 4.0 L/s). This article offers an empirical approach and validation for terminal velocity instead of using the existing deductive approach.Practical applications: This article proposes an empirical approach with experimental validation for terminal velocity at a drainage stack. New evidence presented would lead to a review of the terminal velocity in drainage stacks in future drainage network designs. Due to the importance of terminal velocity, it is anticipated that this result would be used to lead the new technical development of building drainage system. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER] – Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright Label: Group: Ab Data: <i>Copyright of Building Services Engineering Research & Technology is the property of Sage Publications, Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) |
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| RecordInfo | BibRecord: BibEntity: Identifiers: – Type: doi Value: 10.1177/0143624410386063 Languages: – Code: eng Text: English PhysicalDescription: Pagination: PageCount: 11 StartPage: 171 Subjects: – SubjectFull: Buildings Type: general – SubjectFull: Drainage design & construction Type: general – SubjectFull: Empirical research Type: general – SubjectFull: Water Type: general – SubjectFull: Air pressure Type: general – SubjectFull: Digital cameras Type: general – SubjectFull: United States Type: general Titles: – TitleFull: Empirical study on drainage stack terminal water velocity. Type: main BibRelationships: HasContributorRelationships: – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Cheng, CL – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Liao, WJ – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: He, KC – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Lin, JL IsPartOfRelationships: – BibEntity: Dates: – D: 01 M: 05 Text: 05/01/2011 Type: published Y: 2011 Identifiers: – Type: issn-print Value: 01436244 Numbering: – Type: volume Value: 32 – Type: issue Value: 2 Titles: – TitleFull: Building Services Engineering Research & Technology Type: main |
| ResultId | 1 |
