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Influence of phosphorus valency on thermal behaviour of flame retarded polyurethane foams

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Title: Influence of phosphorus valency on thermal behaviour of flame retarded polyurethane foams
Authors: Lorenzetti, A.1, Modesti, M. michele.modesti@unipd.it, Besco, S.1, Hrelja, D.1, Donadi, S.1
Source: Polymer Degradation & Stability. Aug2011, Vol. 96 Issue 8, p1455-1461. 7p.
Subjects: Polyurethanes, Pyrolysis, Oxidation, Fireproofing agents, Phosphorus, Polymer degradation, Thermal properties of polymers
Abstract: Abstract: This paper reports decomposition/pyrolysis studies of polyurethane (PU) rigid foams containing phosphinate, phosphonate or phosphate as flame retardant in order to study the effect of phosphorus oxidation state on their gas and/or solid phase action. The flame retardants analyzed were aluminium phosphinate (IPA), dimethylpropanphosphonate (DMPP), triethylphosphate (TEP) and ammonium polyphosphate (APP), which differ in oxidation state and/or decomposition temperature. Gases evolved during TGA analyses as well as solid residues have been studied by means of MS and FTIR. The results show that phosphorus flame retardants which significantly lose weight at temperatures lower than those of neat PU foams act in the gas phase irrespective of their valency: indeed, they are completely volatilized before polymer decomposition starts and thus no interaction between flame retardant and polymer can be expected. The effect of phosphorus oxidation state becomes important when flame retardant decomposition takes place in the same temperatures range as neat polymer. In this case, it seems that at lower P oxidation state (+1) a combined gas and solid phase action takes place while at higher P oxidation state (+5) only solid phase action was observed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
Copyright of Polymer Degradation & Stability is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Engineering Source
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Header DbId: egs
DbLabel: Engineering Source
An: 61920902
AccessLevel: 6
PubType: Academic Journal
PubTypeId: academicJournal
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  Data: Influence of phosphorus valency on thermal behaviour of flame retarded polyurethane foams
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Lorenzetti%2C+A%2E%22">Lorenzetti, A.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Modesti%2C+M%2E%22">Modesti, M.</searchLink><i> michele.modesti@unipd.it</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Besco%2C+S%2E%22">Besco, S.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hrelja%2C+D%2E%22">Hrelja, D.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Donadi%2C+S%2E%22">Donadi, S.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Polymer+Degradation+%26+Stability%22">Polymer Degradation & Stability</searchLink>. Aug2011, Vol. 96 Issue 8, p1455-1461. 7p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Polyurethanes%22">Polyurethanes</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Pyrolysis%22">Pyrolysis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Oxidation%22">Oxidation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Fireproofing+agents%22">Fireproofing agents</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Phosphorus%22">Phosphorus</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Polymer+degradation%22">Polymer degradation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Thermal+properties+of+polymers%22">Thermal properties of polymers</searchLink>
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  Data: Abstract: This paper reports decomposition/pyrolysis studies of polyurethane (PU) rigid foams containing phosphinate, phosphonate or phosphate as flame retardant in order to study the effect of phosphorus oxidation state on their gas and/or solid phase action. The flame retardants analyzed were aluminium phosphinate (IPA), dimethylpropanphosphonate (DMPP), triethylphosphate (TEP) and ammonium polyphosphate (APP), which differ in oxidation state and/or decomposition temperature. Gases evolved during TGA analyses as well as solid residues have been studied by means of MS and FTIR. The results show that phosphorus flame retardants which significantly lose weight at temperatures lower than those of neat PU foams act in the gas phase irrespective of their valency: indeed, they are completely volatilized before polymer decomposition starts and thus no interaction between flame retardant and polymer can be expected. The effect of phosphorus oxidation state becomes important when flame retardant decomposition takes place in the same temperatures range as neat polymer. In this case, it seems that at lower P oxidation state (+1) a combined gas and solid phase action takes place while at higher P oxidation state (+5) only solid phase action was observed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Polymer Degradation & Stability is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2011.05.012
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        StartPage: 1455
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      – SubjectFull: Polyurethanes
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Pyrolysis
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      – SubjectFull: Oxidation
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      – SubjectFull: Fireproofing agents
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Phosphorus
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      – SubjectFull: Polymer degradation
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      – SubjectFull: Thermal properties of polymers
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      – TitleFull: Influence of phosphorus valency on thermal behaviour of flame retarded polyurethane foams
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              Text: Aug2011
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