The ionosphere: effects, GPS modeling and the benefits for space geodetic techniques.

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Title: The ionosphere: effects, GPS modeling and the benefits for space geodetic techniques.
Authors: Hernández-Pajares, Manuel1 manuel@ma4.upc.edu, Juan, J.1 miguel@fa.upc.edu, Sanz, Jaume1 jaume@ma4.upc.edu, Aragón-Àngel, Àngela1 angela@ma4.upc.edu, García-Rigo, Alberto1 agarcia@ma4.upc.edu, Salazar, Dagoberto1 Dagoberto.Jose.Salazar@upc.edu, Escudero, Miquel1 escudero@ma4.upc.edu
Source: Journal of Geodesy. Dec2011, Vol. 85 Issue 12, p887-907. 21p.
Subjects: Ionosphere, Global Positioning System, Geodesy, Solar flares, Scintillation of artificial satellites
Abstract: The main goal of this paper is to provide a summary of our current knowledge of the ionosphere as it relates to space geodetic techniques, especially the most informative technology, global navigation satellite systems (GNSS), specifically the fully deployed and operational global positioning system (GPS). As such, the main relevant modeling points are discussed, and the corresponding results of ionospheric monitoring are related, which were mostly computed using GPS data and based on the direct experience of the authors. We address various phenomena such as horizontal and vertical ionospheric morphology in quiet conditions, traveling ionospheric disturbances, solar flares, ionospheric storms and scintillation. Finally, we also tackle the question of how improved knowledge of ionospheric conditions, especially in terms of an accurate understanding of the distribution of free electrons, can improve space geodetic techniques at different levels, such as higher-order ionospheric effects, precise GNSS navigation, single-antenna GNSS orientation and real-time GNSS meteorology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Journal of Geodesy is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: The ionosphere: effects, GPS modeling and the benefits for space geodetic techniques.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hernández-Pajares%2C+Manuel%22">Hernández-Pajares, Manuel</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> manuel@ma4.upc.edu</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Juan%2C+J%2E%22">Juan, J.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> miguel@fa.upc.edu</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Sanz%2C+Jaume%22">Sanz, Jaume</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> jaume@ma4.upc.edu</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Aragón-Àngel%2C+Àngela%22">Aragón-Àngel, Àngela</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> angela@ma4.upc.edu</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22García-Rigo%2C+Alberto%22">García-Rigo, Alberto</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> agarcia@ma4.upc.edu</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Salazar%2C+Dagoberto%22">Salazar, Dagoberto</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> Dagoberto.Jose.Salazar@upc.edu</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Escudero%2C+Miquel%22">Escudero, Miquel</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> escudero@ma4.upc.edu</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+Geodesy%22">Journal of Geodesy</searchLink>. Dec2011, Vol. 85 Issue 12, p887-907. 21p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Ionosphere%22">Ionosphere</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Global+Positioning+System%22">Global Positioning System</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Geodesy%22">Geodesy</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Solar+flares%22">Solar flares</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Scintillation+of+artificial+satellites%22">Scintillation of artificial satellites</searchLink>
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  Data: The main goal of this paper is to provide a summary of our current knowledge of the ionosphere as it relates to space geodetic techniques, especially the most informative technology, global navigation satellite systems (GNSS), specifically the fully deployed and operational global positioning system (GPS). As such, the main relevant modeling points are discussed, and the corresponding results of ionospheric monitoring are related, which were mostly computed using GPS data and based on the direct experience of the authors. We address various phenomena such as horizontal and vertical ionospheric morphology in quiet conditions, traveling ionospheric disturbances, solar flares, ionospheric storms and scintillation. Finally, we also tackle the question of how improved knowledge of ionospheric conditions, especially in terms of an accurate understanding of the distribution of free electrons, can improve space geodetic techniques at different levels, such as higher-order ionospheric effects, precise GNSS navigation, single-antenna GNSS orientation and real-time GNSS meteorology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Geodesy is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1007/s00190-011-0508-5
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        Text: English
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        PageCount: 21
        StartPage: 887
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Ionosphere
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Global Positioning System
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Geodesy
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Solar flares
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Scintillation of artificial satellites
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      – TitleFull: The ionosphere: effects, GPS modeling and the benefits for space geodetic techniques.
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            NameFull: García-Rigo, Alberto
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              Text: Dec2011
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              Y: 2011
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