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Evidence of surface softening in polymers and their nanocomposites as determined by spontaneous particle embedment

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Title: Evidence of surface softening in polymers and their nanocomposites as determined by spontaneous particle embedment
Authors: Karim, Taskin B.1, McKenna, Gregory B. greg.mckenna@ttu.edu
Source: Polymer. Dec2011, Vol. 52 Issue 26, p6134-6145. 12p.
Subjects: Polymeric composites, Nanocomposite materials, Epoxy compounds, Polystyrene, Thin films, Adhesion, Surfaces (Technology), Atomic force microscopy
Abstract: Abstract: In the present work, we report results from particle embedment experiments which give the surface modulus of neat epoxy, epoxy/POSS composites and polystyrene films. The embedment of the particles was determined from atomic force microscope measurements and the modulus estimated from the Johnson, Kendall and Roberts (JKR) model. The work of adhesion between submicron particle and the polymer surface was used as the driving force for particle embedment. For neat epoxy, epoxy/POSS composite systems and PS films, the surface modulus value was found softer than the macroscopic glassy modulus. The maximum embedment depth obtained for all surfaces was low enough so that it did not cause plastic deformation on the surface. The maximum stress values on all surfaces induced by the particle embedment were estimated to verify the expected response to be close to the linear regime. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
Copyright of Polymer is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Engineering Source
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Header DbId: egs
DbLabel: Engineering Source
An: 69533807
AccessLevel: 6
PubType: Academic Journal
PubTypeId: academicJournal
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  Data: Evidence of surface softening in polymers and their nanocomposites as determined by spontaneous particle embedment
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Karim%2C+Taskin+B%2E%22">Karim, Taskin B.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22McKenna%2C+Gregory+B%2E%22">McKenna, Gregory B.</searchLink><i> greg.mckenna@ttu.edu</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Polymer%22">Polymer</searchLink>. Dec2011, Vol. 52 Issue 26, p6134-6145. 12p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Polymeric+composites%22">Polymeric composites</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Nanocomposite+materials%22">Nanocomposite materials</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Epoxy+compounds%22">Epoxy compounds</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Polystyrene%22">Polystyrene</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Thin+films%22">Thin films</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Adhesion%22">Adhesion</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Surfaces+%28Technology%29%22">Surfaces (Technology)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Atomic+force+microscopy%22">Atomic force microscopy</searchLink>
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  Data: Abstract: In the present work, we report results from particle embedment experiments which give the surface modulus of neat epoxy, epoxy/POSS composites and polystyrene films. The embedment of the particles was determined from atomic force microscope measurements and the modulus estimated from the Johnson, Kendall and Roberts (JKR) model. The work of adhesion between submicron particle and the polymer surface was used as the driving force for particle embedment. For neat epoxy, epoxy/POSS composite systems and PS films, the surface modulus value was found softer than the macroscopic glassy modulus. The maximum embedment depth obtained for all surfaces was low enough so that it did not cause plastic deformation on the surface. The maximum stress values on all surfaces induced by the particle embedment were estimated to verify the expected response to be close to the linear regime. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Polymer is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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        Value: 10.1016/j.polymer.2011.10.045
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 12
        StartPage: 6134
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Polymeric composites
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Nanocomposite materials
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Epoxy compounds
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Polystyrene
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Thin films
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Adhesion
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Surfaces (Technology)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Atomic force microscopy
        Type: general
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      – TitleFull: Evidence of surface softening in polymers and their nanocomposites as determined by spontaneous particle embedment
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              Text: Dec2011
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              Y: 2011
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