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Continuous production of biodiesel from vegetable oil using supercritical ethanol/carbon dioxide mixtures

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Title: Continuous production of biodiesel from vegetable oil using supercritical ethanol/carbon dioxide mixtures
Authors: Santana, Aline1, Maçaira, José2, Larrayoz, M. Angeles1 m.angeles.larrayoz@upc.edu
Source: Fuel Processing Technology. Apr2012, Vol. 96, p214-219. 6p.
Subjects: Batch processing, Biodiesel fuels, Vegetable oils, Supercritical fluids, Ethanol, Carbon dioxide, Transesterification
Abstract: Abstract: Biodiesel production is worthy of continued study and optimization of production procedures because of its environmentally beneficial attributes and its renewable nature. Transesterification of triglycerides using supercritical ethanol on ion-exchange resin catalyst was investigated to study the ethyl ester conversion process. The reaction parameters investigated were the reaction time, pressure, temperature and molar ratio (alcohol to triglycerides), and their effect on the biodiesel formation. Addition of a co-solvent, supercritical carbon dioxide (critical point at 31°C and 7.3MPa), decreased the operating conditions maintaining a high reaction rate. The mixture ethanol/carbon dioxide used in this work was 1:3 molar ratio. The experiments were conducted at temperatures of 150–200°C, pressure from 150 to 250bar and reaction times from 2 to 10min, and molar ratios of ethanol to vegetable oil from 20 to 45. The evolution of the process was followed by gas chromatography, determining the concentration of the ethyl esters at different reaction times. Results showed that ethyl esters obtained in the continuous fixed bed reactor under supercritical conditions can achieve 80% yield of biodiesel at reaction time of 4min. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
Copyright of Fuel Processing Technology is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Engineering Source
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Header DbId: egs
DbLabel: Engineering Source
An: 72591882
AccessLevel: 6
PubType: Academic Journal
PubTypeId: academicJournal
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  Data: Continuous production of biodiesel from vegetable oil using supercritical ethanol/carbon dioxide mixtures
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Santana%2C+Aline%22">Santana, Aline</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Maçaira%2C+José%22">Maçaira, José</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Larrayoz%2C+M%2E+Angeles%22">Larrayoz, M. Angeles</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> m.angeles.larrayoz@upc.edu</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Fuel+Processing+Technology%22">Fuel Processing Technology</searchLink>. Apr2012, Vol. 96, p214-219. 6p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Batch+processing%22">Batch processing</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Biodiesel+fuels%22">Biodiesel fuels</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Vegetable+oils%22">Vegetable oils</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Supercritical+fluids%22">Supercritical fluids</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Ethanol%22">Ethanol</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Carbon+dioxide%22">Carbon dioxide</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Transesterification%22">Transesterification</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Abstract: Biodiesel production is worthy of continued study and optimization of production procedures because of its environmentally beneficial attributes and its renewable nature. Transesterification of triglycerides using supercritical ethanol on ion-exchange resin catalyst was investigated to study the ethyl ester conversion process. The reaction parameters investigated were the reaction time, pressure, temperature and molar ratio (alcohol to triglycerides), and their effect on the biodiesel formation. Addition of a co-solvent, supercritical carbon dioxide (critical point at 31°C and 7.3MPa), decreased the operating conditions maintaining a high reaction rate. The mixture ethanol/carbon dioxide used in this work was 1:3 molar ratio. The experiments were conducted at temperatures of 150–200°C, pressure from 150 to 250bar and reaction times from 2 to 10min, and molar ratios of ethanol to vegetable oil from 20 to 45. The evolution of the process was followed by gas chromatography, determining the concentration of the ethyl esters at different reaction times. Results showed that ethyl esters obtained in the continuous fixed bed reactor under supercritical conditions can achieve 80% yield of biodiesel at reaction time of 4min. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Fuel Processing Technology is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1016/j.fuproc.2011.12.021
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 6
        StartPage: 214
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        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Biodiesel fuels
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Vegetable oils
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Supercritical fluids
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Ethanol
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Carbon dioxide
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Transesterification
        Type: general
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      – TitleFull: Continuous production of biodiesel from vegetable oil using supercritical ethanol/carbon dioxide mixtures
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            NameFull: Santana, Aline
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            NameFull: Maçaira, José
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            NameFull: Larrayoz, M. Angeles
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            – D: 01
              M: 04
              Text: Apr2012
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              Y: 2012
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