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Potentially Pathogenic Bacteria and Antimicrobial Resistance in Bioaerosols from Cage-Housed and Floor-Housed Poultry Operations.

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Title: Potentially Pathogenic Bacteria and Antimicrobial Resistance in Bioaerosols from Cage-Housed and Floor-Housed Poultry Operations.
Authors: Just, Natasha A.1, Létourneau, Valérie2, Kirychuk, Shelley P.3, Singh, Baljit1, Duchaine, Caroline2
Source: Annals of Occupational Hygiene. Jun2012, Vol. 56 Issue 4, p440-449. 10p.
Subjects: Air analysis, Aerosol analysis, Birds, Drug resistance in microorganisms, Pollution, Poultry, Research funding, Occupational hazards, Environmental exposure
Abstract: Background: Antibiotics are used in animal confinement buildings, such as cage-housed (CH) and floor-housed (FH) poultry operations, to lower the likeliness of disease transmission. In FH facilities, antibiotics may also be used at sub-therapeutic levels for growth promotion. Low levels of antibiotic create a selective pressure toward antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in chicken fecal bacteria. Objective: The objective of this study was to compare bacteria and AMR genes in bioaerosols from CH and FH poultry facilities. Methods: Bioaerosols were collected from 15 CH and 15 FH poultry operations, using stationary area samplers as well as personal sampling devices. Bacteria concentrations were determined by genus- or species-specific quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and AMR genes were detected using endpoint PCR. Results: Enterococcus spp., Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus spp. were significantly higher in bioaerosols of FH poultry operations than CH bioaerosols (P < 0.001) while Clostridium perfringens was significantly higher in area bioaerosols of CH operations than FH area bioaerosols (P < 0.05). Campylobacter spp. were detected only in bioaerosols of FH facilities. Zinc bacitracin resistance gene, bcrR, erythromycin resistance gene, ermA, and tetracycline resistance gene, tetA/C, were more prevalent in bioaerosols of FH facilities than CH bioaerosols (P < 0.01, P < 0.01, and P < 0.05, respectively). Conclusions: Most bacteria are more concentrated and most AMR genes are more prevalent in bioaerosols of FH poultry operations, where growth-promoting antibiotics may be used. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Annals of Occupational Hygiene is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Potentially Pathogenic Bacteria and Antimicrobial Resistance in Bioaerosols from Cage-Housed and Floor-Housed Poultry Operations.
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  Data: &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Just%2C+Natasha+A%2E%22&quot;&gt;Just, Natasha A.&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;relatesTo&gt;1&lt;/relatesTo&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22L&#233;tourneau%2C+Val&#233;rie%22&quot;&gt;L&#233;tourneau, Val&#233;rie&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;relatesTo&gt;2&lt;/relatesTo&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Kirychuk%2C+Shelley+P%2E%22&quot;&gt;Kirychuk, Shelley P.&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;relatesTo&gt;3&lt;/relatesTo&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Singh%2C+Baljit%22&quot;&gt;Singh, Baljit&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;relatesTo&gt;1&lt;/relatesTo&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Duchaine%2C+Caroline%22&quot;&gt;Duchaine, Caroline&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;relatesTo&gt;2&lt;/relatesTo&gt;
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  Data: Background: Antibiotics are used in animal confinement buildings, such as cage-housed (CH) and floor-housed (FH) poultry operations, to lower the likeliness of disease transmission. In FH facilities, antibiotics may also be used at sub-therapeutic levels for growth promotion. Low levels of antibiotic create a selective pressure toward antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in chicken fecal bacteria. Objective: The objective of this study was to compare bacteria and AMR genes in bioaerosols from CH and FH poultry facilities. Methods: Bioaerosols were collected from 15 CH and 15 FH poultry operations, using stationary area samplers as well as personal sampling devices. Bacteria concentrations were determined by genus- or species-specific quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and AMR genes were detected using endpoint PCR. Results: Enterococcus spp., Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus spp. were significantly higher in bioaerosols of FH poultry operations than CH bioaerosols (P &lt; 0.001) while Clostridium perfringens was significantly higher in area bioaerosols of CH operations than FH area bioaerosols (P &lt; 0.05). Campylobacter spp. were detected only in bioaerosols of FH facilities. Zinc bacitracin resistance gene, bcrR, erythromycin resistance gene, ermA, and tetracycline resistance gene, tetA/C, were more prevalent in bioaerosols of FH facilities than CH bioaerosols (P &lt; 0.01, P &lt; 0.01, and P &lt; 0.05, respectively). Conclusions: Most bacteria are more concentrated and most AMR genes are more prevalent in bioaerosols of FH poultry operations, where growth-promoting antibiotics may be used. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: &lt;i&gt;Copyright of Annals of Occupational Hygiene is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder&#39;s express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.&lt;/i&gt; (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1093/annhyg/mer105
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        Text: English
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      – SubjectFull: Air analysis
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Aerosol analysis
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Birds
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      – SubjectFull: Drug resistance in microorganisms
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      – SubjectFull: Pollution
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              Text: Jun2012
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