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The aerodynamics of sailing apparel

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Title: The aerodynamics of sailing apparel
Authors: Jansen, Arjen1, van Deursen, Bas1, Howe, Carrie2
Source: Procedia Engineering. Jul2012, Vol. 34, p50-55. 6p.
Subjects: Drag (Aerodynamics), Sailing, Olympic Games, Hydrodynamics, Wind tunnels, Wind speed
Abstract: Abstract: The paper presents the effect of changes in sailing apparel on aerodynamic drag, starting from the assumption that drag reduction of sailing apparel will increase the speed of an Olympic class sailing boat (in this case the Laser, a single-handed Olympic dinghy), mainly on upwind courses. Due to the fact that literature on this specific subject is non-existent, a theoretical framework on hydrodynamic and aerodynamic drag of the sailing boat and sailor had to be set-up to provide us with ball park figures on the effect of changes in sailing apparel. It showed that the aerodynamic drag caused by the sailor was around 12% of the total drag (aerodynamic and hydrodynamic). This also demonstrated the room for improvement. Next, the actual aerodynamic drag of eight different combinations of state-of-the art sailing apparel was measured in the wind-tunnel (TUDelft Open Jet Facility) at various wind angles and wind speeds (up to 17 ms-1). The experimental results were then compared to the results of the theoretical framework. The results of the experiment show a maximum difference of 11% in aerodynamic drag between the best and worst case scenario (at 8.2 ms-1 wind speed). This reduction of the sailors’ aerodynamic drag is estimated to reduce the total (sailor + sailing boat) drag by 1.2%. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
Copyright of Procedia Engineering is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Engineering Source
FullText Text:
  Availability: 0
Header DbId: egs
DbLabel: Engineering Source
An: 76179276
AccessLevel: 6
PubType: Academic Journal
PubTypeId: academicJournal
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  Data: The aerodynamics of sailing apparel
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Procedia+Engineering%22">Procedia Engineering</searchLink>. Jul2012, Vol. 34, p50-55. 6p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Drag+%28Aerodynamics%29%22">Drag (Aerodynamics)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Sailing%22">Sailing</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Olympic+Games%22">Olympic Games</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Hydrodynamics%22">Hydrodynamics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Wind+tunnels%22">Wind tunnels</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Wind+speed%22">Wind speed</searchLink>
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  Label: Abstract
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  Data: Abstract: The paper presents the effect of changes in sailing apparel on aerodynamic drag, starting from the assumption that drag reduction of sailing apparel will increase the speed of an Olympic class sailing boat (in this case the Laser, a single-handed Olympic dinghy), mainly on upwind courses. Due to the fact that literature on this specific subject is non-existent, a theoretical framework on hydrodynamic and aerodynamic drag of the sailing boat and sailor had to be set-up to provide us with ball park figures on the effect of changes in sailing apparel. It showed that the aerodynamic drag caused by the sailor was around 12% of the total drag (aerodynamic and hydrodynamic). This also demonstrated the room for improvement. Next, the actual aerodynamic drag of eight different combinations of state-of-the art sailing apparel was measured in the wind-tunnel (TUDelft Open Jet Facility) at various wind angles and wind speeds (up to 17 ms-1). The experimental results were then compared to the results of the theoretical framework. The results of the experiment show a maximum difference of 11% in aerodynamic drag between the best and worst case scenario (at 8.2 ms-1 wind speed). This reduction of the sailors’ aerodynamic drag is estimated to reduce the total (sailor + sailing boat) drag by 1.2%. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Procedia Engineering is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1016/j.proeng.2012.04.010
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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      – SubjectFull: Drag (Aerodynamics)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Sailing
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Olympic Games
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      – SubjectFull: Hydrodynamics
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Wind tunnels
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      – SubjectFull: Wind speed
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              Text: Jul2012
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              Y: 2012
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