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Ectopic and reentrant activation patterns in the posterior left atrium during stretch-related atrial fibrillation

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Title: Ectopic and reentrant activation patterns in the posterior left atrium during stretch-related atrial fibrillation
Authors: Yamazaki, Masatoshi1, Filgueiras-Rama, David1, Berenfeld, Omer1,2 oberen@umich.edu, Kalifa, Jérôme1
Source: Progress in Biophysics & Molecular Biology. Oct2012, Vol. 110 Issue 2/3, p269-277. 9p.
Subjects: Heart atrium, Atrial fibrillation, Stretch (Physiology), Pulmonary veins, Sheep as laboratory animals, Endocardium, Physiological control systems
Abstract: Abstract: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common sustained cardiac arrhythmia in humans and is predicted to dramatically increase its prevalence in the future. There is experimental evidence that increasing stretch increases the dominance of the pulmonary veins (PVs) during AF in isolated hearts and ectopic activity in the isolated PVs, but the ionic mechanisms underlying such effects are not clear and the ability of the PVs to favorably host functional reentry during stretch cannot be excluded. We used a combination of endocardial–epicardial optical mapping with phase and spectral analysis to study stretch-related AF (SRAF) in normal isolated sheep hearts. We have found rapid AF sources in the posterior left atrium (PLA) and PV region and their activation frequency and level of organization correlated with intra-atrial pressure. Analysis of the surfaces'' optical mapping data in the phase domain reveals that activation of the PLA consisted of alternating patterns of breakthroughs, reentries and relatively simple waves swiping across the mapped field. The patterns on the endocardial and epicardial PLA surface at any given moment of time of the SRAF could be either identical or not identical, and the activity in the thickness of the PLA wall is hypothesized to conform to either ectopic discharge or scroll waves, but a definite evidence for the presence of such mechanisms is currently lacking. Thus the understanding of the manner by which the mechano-electric feedback effects in the PLA, including the PVs, become important in the initiation and maintenance of AF requires further detailed investigation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
Copyright of Progress in Biophysics & Molecular Biology is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Engineering Source
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Header DbId: egs
DbLabel: Engineering Source
An: 82839916
AccessLevel: 6
PubType: Academic Journal
PubTypeId: academicJournal
PreciseRelevancyScore: 0
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  Data: Ectopic and reentrant activation patterns in the posterior left atrium during stretch-related atrial fibrillation
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Yamazaki%2C+Masatoshi%22">Yamazaki, Masatoshi</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Filgueiras-Rama%2C+David%22">Filgueiras-Rama, David</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Berenfeld%2C+Omer%22">Berenfeld, Omer</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo><i> oberen@umich.edu</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kalifa%2C+Jérôme%22">Kalifa, Jérôme</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Progress+in+Biophysics+%26+Molecular+Biology%22">Progress in Biophysics & Molecular Biology</searchLink>. Oct2012, Vol. 110 Issue 2/3, p269-277. 9p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Heart+atrium%22">Heart atrium</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Atrial+fibrillation%22">Atrial fibrillation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Stretch+%28Physiology%29%22">Stretch (Physiology)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Pulmonary+veins%22">Pulmonary veins</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Sheep+as+laboratory+animals%22">Sheep as laboratory animals</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Endocardium%22">Endocardium</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Physiological+control+systems%22">Physiological control systems</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Abstract: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common sustained cardiac arrhythmia in humans and is predicted to dramatically increase its prevalence in the future. There is experimental evidence that increasing stretch increases the dominance of the pulmonary veins (PVs) during AF in isolated hearts and ectopic activity in the isolated PVs, but the ionic mechanisms underlying such effects are not clear and the ability of the PVs to favorably host functional reentry during stretch cannot be excluded. We used a combination of endocardial–epicardial optical mapping with phase and spectral analysis to study stretch-related AF (SRAF) in normal isolated sheep hearts. We have found rapid AF sources in the posterior left atrium (PLA) and PV region and their activation frequency and level of organization correlated with intra-atrial pressure. Analysis of the surfaces'' optical mapping data in the phase domain reveals that activation of the PLA consisted of alternating patterns of breakthroughs, reentries and relatively simple waves swiping across the mapped field. The patterns on the endocardial and epicardial PLA surface at any given moment of time of the SRAF could be either identical or not identical, and the activity in the thickness of the PLA wall is hypothesized to conform to either ectopic discharge or scroll waves, but a definite evidence for the presence of such mechanisms is currently lacking. Thus the understanding of the manner by which the mechano-electric feedback effects in the PLA, including the PVs, become important in the initiation and maintenance of AF requires further detailed investigation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Progress in Biophysics & Molecular Biology is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2012.08.004
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 9
        StartPage: 269
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Heart atrium
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Atrial fibrillation
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Stretch (Physiology)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Pulmonary veins
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Sheep as laboratory animals
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Endocardium
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Physiological control systems
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Ectopic and reentrant activation patterns in the posterior left atrium during stretch-related atrial fibrillation
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            NameFull: Yamazaki, Masatoshi
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            NameFull: Filgueiras-Rama, David
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            NameFull: Berenfeld, Omer
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            NameFull: Kalifa, Jérôme
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              M: 10
              Text: Oct2012
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              Y: 2012
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