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Cryo-negative staining reduces electron-beam sensitivity of vitrified biological particles

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Title: Cryo-negative staining reduces electron-beam sensitivity of vitrified biological particles
Authors: De Carlo, S.1 sacha.decarlo@lau.unil.ch, El-Bez, C.2, Alvarez-Rúa, C.3, Borge, J.3, Dubochet, J.2
Source: Journal of Structural Biology. Jun2002, Vol. 138 Issue 3, p216. 11p.
Subjects: Biological monitoring, Electron microscopy, Negative staining
Abstract: Beam damage is the main resolution-limiting factor when biological particles are observed by cryoelectron microscopy in a thin vitrified solution film. Furthermore, the low contrast of the specimen frequently makes observation difficult and limits the possibility of image processing. Cryo-negative staining, in which the particles are vitrified in a thin layer of concentrated ammonium molybdate solution, makes it possible to visualize the particles with a much better signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) while keeping the specimen in a good state of preservation. We have observed the Escherichia coli GroEL chaperonin, prepared in a native vitrified solution and by cryo-negative staining after electron exposure from 1000 to 3000 e−/nm2. We have compared the resulting three-dimensional models obtained from these different conditions and have tested their fit with the atomic model of the protein subunit obtained from X-ray crystallography. It is found that, down to 1.5-nm resolution, the particles appear to be faithfully represented in the cryo-negatively stained preparation, but there is an ∼10-fold increase of SNR compared with the native vitrified preparation. Furthermore, for the same range of irradiation and down to the same resolution, the particles seem unaffected by beam damage, whereas the damage is severe in the native vitrified particles. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
Copyright of Journal of Structural Biology is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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DbLabel: Engineering Source
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  Data: Cryo-negative staining reduces electron-beam sensitivity of vitrified biological particles
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22De+Carlo%2C+S%2E%22">De Carlo, S.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> sacha.decarlo@lau.unil.ch</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22El-Bez%2C+C%2E%22">El-Bez, C.</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Alvarez-Rúa%2C+C%2E%22">Alvarez-Rúa, C.</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Borge%2C+J%2E%22">Borge, J.</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Dubochet%2C+J%2E%22">Dubochet, J.</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+Structural+Biology%22">Journal of Structural Biology</searchLink>. Jun2002, Vol. 138 Issue 3, p216. 11p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Biological+monitoring%22">Biological monitoring</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Electron+microscopy%22">Electron microscopy</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Negative+staining%22">Negative staining</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Beam damage is the main resolution-limiting factor when biological particles are observed by cryoelectron microscopy in a thin vitrified solution film. Furthermore, the low contrast of the specimen frequently makes observation difficult and limits the possibility of image processing. Cryo-negative staining, in which the particles are vitrified in a thin layer of concentrated ammonium molybdate solution, makes it possible to visualize the particles with a much better signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) while keeping the specimen in a good state of preservation. We have observed the Escherichia coli GroEL chaperonin, prepared in a native vitrified solution and by cryo-negative staining after electron exposure from 1000 to 3000 <f>e−/nm2</f>. We have compared the resulting three-dimensional models obtained from these different conditions and have tested their fit with the atomic model of the protein subunit obtained from X-ray crystallography. It is found that, down to 1.5-nm resolution, the particles appear to be faithfully represented in the cryo-negatively stained preparation, but there is an ∼10-fold increase of SNR compared with the native vitrified preparation. Furthermore, for the same range of irradiation and down to the same resolution, the particles seem unaffected by beam damage, whereas the damage is severe in the native vitrified particles. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Structural Biology is the property of Academic Press Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1016/S1047-8477(02)00035-7
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 11
        StartPage: 216
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      – SubjectFull: Biological monitoring
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Electron microscopy
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Negative staining
        Type: general
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            NameFull: Borge, J.
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              M: 06
              Text: Jun2002
              Type: published
              Y: 2002
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